Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a prevalent condition worldwide withhigh mortality and disability risks. The issue of its pathogenetictherapy remains unresolved by now due to the limited effectivenessand safety of reperfusion measures. Recent research has elucidatedthat neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in IS development andmay serve as a therapeutic target. The NLRP3 inflammasome emergesas a key mediator orchestrating post-ischemic inflammatory reactionsthrough activation of caspase-1, which cleaves pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18into active pro-inflammatory cytokines released into the extracellular milieu.This review presents insights into the structure and activationprocess of the NLRP3 inflammasome in IS. The factors and mechanismscontributing to both its activation and inhibition are outlined.