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<p>The features of the interaction of negative ions with quantum vortices in He-II cooled to the temperature <i>T</i>&#xa0;≈&#xa0;1.5 K have been studied in the experiments on measuring the response of the current of charges under the surface of superfluid helium to the change in the amplitude <i>h</i> and frequency <i>f</i> of the waves generated on the surface by two mutually perpendicular wave makers. It has been found that not only classical gravity–capillary waves but also quantum vortices are generated in the volume of the liquid when the velocity of the flow of the liquid in a standing wave exceeds the threshold value <i>V</i><sub>thr</sub> ≈ 0.34 cm/s. When the He-II temperature drops below 1.7 K, these vortices can capture negative ions moving under the surface of the liquid, which are electron bubbles with a radius of about ~17 Å.</p>

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Threshold of Generation of Quantum Vortices by Waves on the Surface of Superfluid He-II

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • P. G. Selin,
  • I. A. Remizov,
  • M. R. Sultanova,
  • E. V. Lebedeva,
  • A. A. Levchenko,
  • L. P. Mezhov-Deglin

摘要

The features of the interaction of negative ions with quantum vortices in He-II cooled to the temperature T ≈ 1.5 K have been studied in the experiments on measuring the response of the current of charges under the surface of superfluid helium to the change in the amplitude h and frequency f of the waves generated on the surface by two mutually perpendicular wave makers. It has been found that not only classical gravity–capillary waves but also quantum vortices are generated in the volume of the liquid when the velocity of the flow of the liquid in a standing wave exceeds the threshold value Vthr ≈ 0.34 cm/s. When the He-II temperature drops below 1.7 K, these vortices can capture negative ions moving under the surface of the liquid, which are electron bubbles with a radius of about ~17 Å.