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Abstract <p>Predicting the failure-free operation of petrochemical reactors is necessary for the safe functioning of the petrochemical industry. However, in the case of deformation-free brittle destruction, it is not possible to make an adequate forecast based on the results of regulated technical control. One of the sources of such destruction is hydrogen embrittlement. To solve the problem of forecasting without large-sized cuttings from the walls of the equipment, a comparison is made between the mechanical properties of samples cut out of the walls of a destroyed petrochemical reactor after long-term operation and samples made of a sheet of the same steel grade and saturated with hydrogen using the cathodic polarization method to the same concentration that are measured in the walls of the studied reactor. The thickness of the metal sheet, which the walls are made of, is equal to the thickness of the sheet from which the model samples are obtained. The samples were cut out along and across the rolling direction. Comparative studies of the behavior of identical model and “operational” samples are carried out taking into account the development of operational damage, the direction of cutting out of standardized samples for mechanical isothermal tests, and the curing time of samples after hydrogenation. A regulated calculation of the residual life of a reactor is carried out on the basis of mechanical characteristics of samples cut out of it. A fundamental difference in the mechanical characteristics of model and operational samples is discovered. The strength and yield strength values of the model samples do not change, while those cut out of the reactor are 30% less than the initial ones. This difference does not allow the use of model samples saturated with the cathodic polarization to predict hydrogen degradation of steel elements of petrochemical equipment. The insufficiency of the nondestructive testing methods regulated in technical diagnostics is shown since they do not take into account the possibility of the formation of deformation-free hydrogen cracking of the equipment walls. It is shown that the methodology for the regulated calculation of the residual service life carried out during the examination based on both the actual strength properties of the samples and the mechanical characteristics of model hydrogenated samples cut in different directions relative to the rolling direction requires revision.</p>

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Predicting the Degradation of a Petrochemical Reactor Wall Using Hydrogen-Saturated Samples

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月1日

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  • A. V. Nechaeva,
  • V. A. Polyanskiy,
  • V. V. Shalagaev,
  • Yu. A. Yakovlev

摘要

Abstract

Predicting the failure-free operation of petrochemical reactors is necessary for the safe functioning of the petrochemical industry. However, in the case of deformation-free brittle destruction, it is not possible to make an adequate forecast based on the results of regulated technical control. One of the sources of such destruction is hydrogen embrittlement. To solve the problem of forecasting without large-sized cuttings from the walls of the equipment, a comparison is made between the mechanical properties of samples cut out of the walls of a destroyed petrochemical reactor after long-term operation and samples made of a sheet of the same steel grade and saturated with hydrogen using the cathodic polarization method to the same concentration that are measured in the walls of the studied reactor. The thickness of the metal sheet, which the walls are made of, is equal to the thickness of the sheet from which the model samples are obtained. The samples were cut out along and across the rolling direction. Comparative studies of the behavior of identical model and “operational” samples are carried out taking into account the development of operational damage, the direction of cutting out of standardized samples for mechanical isothermal tests, and the curing time of samples after hydrogenation. A regulated calculation of the residual life of a reactor is carried out on the basis of mechanical characteristics of samples cut out of it. A fundamental difference in the mechanical characteristics of model and operational samples is discovered. The strength and yield strength values of the model samples do not change, while those cut out of the reactor are 30% less than the initial ones. This difference does not allow the use of model samples saturated with the cathodic polarization to predict hydrogen degradation of steel elements of petrochemical equipment. The insufficiency of the nondestructive testing methods regulated in technical diagnostics is shown since they do not take into account the possibility of the formation of deformation-free hydrogen cracking of the equipment walls. It is shown that the methodology for the regulated calculation of the residual service life carried out during the examination based on both the actual strength properties of the samples and the mechanical characteristics of model hydrogenated samples cut in different directions relative to the rolling direction requires revision.