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Abstract <p>In this work, TiO<sub>2</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub> doped catalysts with different molar ratios of CuO were synthesized through a facile and mild sol-gel dip coating process. The dip-coated thin films have been examined at different annealing temperatures 500, 800, and 1000°C. Structural, optical features and photocatalytic responses of the prepared films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectra, UV-VIS, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman results indicated that an increase in annealing temperature from 500 to 1000°C caused a transformation of crystallinity from anatase and brookite at 500°C to rutile and monoclinic CuO phases at 1000°C, accompanied by an increase in particle sizes. The optical transmittance of the films, increased to over 90% in the visible region, indicate that copper loading decreases the band gap from 3.41 to 3.28 eV. The photoluminescence experiments revealed that doping with CuO hinders the electron-hole recombination rate, which is favorable for photocatalytic performance. Photocatalytic experiments confirmed that our films exhibited high efficiency in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye under UV light irradiation. The removal rate of methyl orange reached more than 99% after 3 h. Photocatalytic experiments confirmed that our catalysts displayed highly efficient and durable activity for the photodegradation of methyl orange under UV light irradiation.</p>

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The Effect of CuO Co-doping on Structural, Optical, and Photocatalytic Degradation Efficiency of TiO2–ZrO2 Nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Hanene Bensouyad,
  • Rabah Bensaha

摘要

Abstract

In this work, TiO2–ZrO2 doped catalysts with different molar ratios of CuO were synthesized through a facile and mild sol-gel dip coating process. The dip-coated thin films have been examined at different annealing temperatures 500, 800, and 1000°C. Structural, optical features and photocatalytic responses of the prepared films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectra, UV-VIS, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman results indicated that an increase in annealing temperature from 500 to 1000°C caused a transformation of crystallinity from anatase and brookite at 500°C to rutile and monoclinic CuO phases at 1000°C, accompanied by an increase in particle sizes. The optical transmittance of the films, increased to over 90% in the visible region, indicate that copper loading decreases the band gap from 3.41 to 3.28 eV. The photoluminescence experiments revealed that doping with CuO hinders the electron-hole recombination rate, which is favorable for photocatalytic performance. Photocatalytic experiments confirmed that our films exhibited high efficiency in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye under UV light irradiation. The removal rate of methyl orange reached more than 99% after 3 h. Photocatalytic experiments confirmed that our catalysts displayed highly efficient and durable activity for the photodegradation of methyl orange under UV light irradiation.