Influence of a Wood Substrate on the Profile of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by White Rot Fungus Trametes hirsuta LE-BIN 072

Volatilomes of the basidial wood-destroying white rot fungus Trametes hirsuta LE-BIN 072 growing on a glucose–peptone medium (GP) with different types of wood sawdust (birch, alder, and pine) are represented by the following main groups of compounds: terpenes, aromatic compounds, fatty acid derivatives, and alkanes. The addition of sawdust to the cultivation medium led to a change in the spectrum of terpene and sesquiterpene compounds synthesized by fungus, as well as to a change in the ratio of the VOC component composition. On the control GP medium, β-elemene, β-barbatene, and γ-muurolene were detected; on the media with birch, alder, and pine sawdust, α-bulnesene, γ-cadinene, Δ3-carene, and camphene were detected. In silico analysis of the T. hirsuta 072 genome predicted ten genes encoding terpene synthases. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the proteins clustered with other basidiomycete terpene synthases into four major clades, suggesting that the enzymes in each cluster may produce related terpenes and sesquiterpenes.