Abstract <p> Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a graph with at least <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="35" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(l+1\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> vertices. If for any subset <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="75" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S\subseteq V(G)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(|S|=l\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> there always exists a spanning tree <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(T\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is precisely the set of leaves of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(T\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, then we say that the graph <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="10" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(l\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-leaf-connected. Exploring sufficient conditions for graphs that possesses certain properties is a significant and interesting problem in graph theory. In this paper, we present several sufficient conditions in terms of the inverse degree, the reciprocal product-degree distance, and the multiplicative version of the first Zagreb index for a graph to be <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11006_2025_3078_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="10" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(l\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-leaf-connected. </p>

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Sufficient Conditions for \(L\)-Leaf-Connected Graphs in Terms of the Inverse Index, the Reciprocal Product-Degree Distance, and the Multiplicative Version of the First Zagreb Index

  • Z. Zhang,
  • G. Su,
  • J. Du,
  • X. Qin,
  • W. Guo,
  • L. Song

摘要

Abstract

Let \(G\) be a graph with at least \(l+1\) vertices. If for any subset \(S\subseteq V(G)\) with \(|S|=l\) there always exists a spanning tree \(T\) in \(G\) such that \(S\) is precisely the set of leaves of \(T\) , then we say that the graph \(G\) is \(l\) -leaf-connected. Exploring sufficient conditions for graphs that possesses certain properties is a significant and interesting problem in graph theory. In this paper, we present several sufficient conditions in terms of the inverse degree, the reciprocal product-degree distance, and the multiplicative version of the first Zagreb index for a graph to be \(l\) -leaf-connected.