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One-year follow-up of clinical convergence measures in children enrolled in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial—Attention and Reading Trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2024年8月14日

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  • Ann M. Morrison,
  • Marjean T. Kulp,
  • Susan A. Cotter,
  • Mitchell M. Scheiman,
  • Erin C. Jenewein,
  • Tawna L. Roberts,
  • G. Lynn Mitchell,
  • L. Eugene Arnold,
  • Dashaini Retnasothi,
  • Annette Bade,
  • Richard Hertle,
  • Eric Borsting,
  • Jeffrey Cooper,
  • Erica Schulman,
  • Kimberly Hamian,
  • Danielle Iacono,
  • Steven Larson,
  • Valerie Leung,
  • Sara Meeder,
  • Elaine Ramos,
  • Steven Ritter,
  • Audra Steiner,
  • Alexandria Stormann,
  • Marilyn Vricella,
  • Xiaoying Zhu,
  • Susanna Tamkins,
  • Naomi Aguilera,
  • Elliot Brafman,
  • Hilda Capo,
  • Kara Cavuoto,
  • Isaura Crespo,
  • Monica Dowling,
  • Kristie Draskovic,
  • Miriam Farag,
  • Vicky Fischer,
  • Sara Grace,
  • Ailen Gutierrez,
  • Carolina Manchola-Orozco,
  • Maria Martinez,
  • Craig McKeown,
  • Carla Osigian,
  • Leslie Small,
  • Natalie Townsend,
  • Michael Gallaway,
  • Mark Boas,
  • Christine Calvert,
  • Tara Franz,
  • Amanda Gerrouge,
  • Donna Hayden,
  • Erin Jenewein,
  • Zachary Margolies,
  • Shivakhaami Meiyeppen,
  • Jenny Myung,
  • Karen Pollack,
  • Mitchell Scheiman,
  • Ruth Shoge,
  • Andrew Tang,
  • Noah Tannen,
  • Lynn Trieu,
  • Luis Trujillo,
  • Marjean Kulp,
  • Michelle Buckland,
  • Allison Ellis,
  • Jennifer Fogt,
  • Catherine McDaniel,
  • Taylor McGann,
  • Ann Morrison,
  • Shane Mulvihill,
  • Adam Peiffer,
  • Maureen Plaumann,
  • Gil Pierce,
  • Julie Preston,
  • Kathleen Reuter,
  • Nancy Stevens,
  • Jake Teeny,
  • Andrew Toole,
  • Douglas Widmer,
  • Aaron Zimmerman,
  • Susan Cotter,
  • Carmen Barnhardt,
  • Eric Borsting,
  • Angela Chen,
  • Raymond Chu,
  • Kristine Huang,
  • Susan Parker,
  • Dashaini Retnasothie,
  • Judith Wu,
  • Richard Hertle,
  • Penny Clark,
  • Kelly Culp,
  • Kathy Fraley,
  • Drusilla Grant,
  • Nancy Hanna,
  • Stephanie Knox,
  • William Lawhon,
  • Lan Li,
  • Sarah Mitcheff,
  • Isabel Ricker,
  • Tawna Roberts,
  • Casandra Solis,
  • Palak Wall,
  • Samantha Zaczyk,
  • Kristine Hopkins,
  • Wendy Marsh-Tootle,
  • Michelle Bowen,
  • Terri Call,
  • Kristy Domnanovich,
  • Marcela Frazier,
  • Nicole Guyette,
  • Oakley Hayes,
  • John Houser,
  • Sarah Lee,
  • Jenifer Montejo,
  • Tamara Oechslin,
  • Christian Spain,
  • Candice Turner,
  • Katherine Weise,
  • Rachel Coulter,
  • Deborah Amster,
  • Annette Bade,
  • Surbhi Bansal,
  • Laura Falco,
  • Gregory Fecho,
  • Katherine Green,
  • Gabriela Irizarry,
  • Jasleen Jhajj,
  • Nicole Patterson,
  • Jacqueline Rodena,
  • Yin Tea,
  • Julie Tyler,
  • Dana Weiss,
  • Lauren Zakaib,
  • Ingryd Lorenzana,
  • Yesena Meza,
  • Ryan Mann,
  • Mariana Quezada,
  • Scott Rein,
  • Indre Rudaitis,
  • Susan Stepleton,
  • Beata Wajs,
  • Mariana Quezada,
  • Maryann Redford,
  • Mitchell Scheiman,
  • G. Lynn Mitchell,
  • Susan Cotter,
  • Richard Hertle,
  • Marjean Kulp,
  • Maryann Redford,
  • Carolyn Denton,
  • Eugene Arnold,
  • Eric Borsting,
  • Christopher Chase,
  • Carolyn Denton,
  • Sharyl Wee,
  • Katlynn Dahl-Leonard,
  • Kenneth Powers,
  • Amber Alaniz,
  • Marie Diener-West,
  • William V. Good,
  • David Grisham,
  • Christopher J. Kratochvil,
  • Dennis Revicki,
  • Jeanne Wanzek,
  • Mitchell Scheiman,
  • Karen Pollack,
  • Susan Cotter,
  • Marjean Kulp,
  • G. Lynn Mitchell,
  • Mustafa Alrahem,
  • Julianne Dangelo,
  • Jordan Hegedus,
  • Ian Jones,
  • Lisa A. Jones-Jordan,
  • Alexander Junglas,
  • Jihyun Lee,
  • Jadin Nettles,
  • Curtis Mitchell,
  • Mawada Osman,
  • Gloria Scott-Tibbs,
  • Loraine Sinnott,
  • Chloe Teasley,
  • Victor Vang,
  • Robin Varghese

摘要

Purpose

To assess the long-term stability of clinical measures of convergence (near point of convergence [NPC] and positive fusional vergence [PFV]) in participants enrolled in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial-Attention and Reading Trial (CITT-ART) who received 16 weeks of office-based vergence/accommodative therapy.

Methods

A total of 310 children, 9–14 years old, with symptomatic convergence insufficiency were enrolled in CITT-ART. Some 270 completed both their 16-week primary outcome visit followed by a 1-year follow-up visit. Of those 270, 181 (67%) were randomised to the vergence/accommodative therapy. Of the 181 in the vergence/accommodative group, 121 (67%) reported not receiving any additional treatment after the 16-week primary outcome visit. The mean change in NPC, PFV and percentages of children classified by the predetermined success criteria of convergence (normal NPC [<6 cm] and/or improved by ≥4 cm; normal PFV [passing Sheard's criterion and base-out break >15Δ] and/or improved by ≥10Δ) were compared at the 16-week primary outcome visit and 1 year later.

Results

Of the 121 who returned for their 1-year follow-up visit, there was no significant change in mean adjusted NPC (reduction of −0.2 cm; 95% CI: −1.0 to 0.5 cm) at 1 year. There was a statistically significant decrease in mean-adjusted PFV (−4.7∆; 95% CI: −6.5 to −2.8Δ) at 1 year. There were similar percentages of participants classified as ‘normal’ (p = 0.30), ‘normal and/or improved’ (p > 0.50) and ‘normal and improved’ (p > 0.14) based on NPC and PFV at the 1-year visit compared with the 16-week primary outcome visit.

Conclusion

The improvements in NPC and PFV following 16 weeks of vergence/accommodative therapy (with no reported additional treatment thereafter) in children with symptomatic convergence insufficiency persisted 1-year post-treatment.