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<p>NATO’s engagement with climate change encapsulates a strategic paradox: an alliance created for collective defence now confronts a non-military, transboundary threat. This article examines how climate adaptation became institutionalised within NATO and how US political leadership shaped that process between 2010 and early 2026. It identifies, through a qualitative document analysis of NATO strategies, summit declarations, and US policy texts, alternating phases of recognition, retrenchment and consolidation that mirror changes in US administrations. Integrating realism, liberal institutionalism, constructivism and securitisation theory, the article argues that US leadership catalyses NATO’s climate agenda, while bureaucratic routines and evolving norms sustain it. The findings reveal an alliance simultaneously dependent on American political cycles yet increasingly stabilised into environmental governance.</p>

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Examining a paradox: NATO’s climate adaptation agenda between U.S. political leadership and institutional resilience

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Anastasios I. Valvis

摘要

NATO’s engagement with climate change encapsulates a strategic paradox: an alliance created for collective defence now confronts a non-military, transboundary threat. This article examines how climate adaptation became institutionalised within NATO and how US political leadership shaped that process between 2010 and early 2026. It identifies, through a qualitative document analysis of NATO strategies, summit declarations, and US policy texts, alternating phases of recognition, retrenchment and consolidation that mirror changes in US administrations. Integrating realism, liberal institutionalism, constructivism and securitisation theory, the article argues that US leadership catalyses NATO’s climate agenda, while bureaucratic routines and evolving norms sustain it. The findings reveal an alliance simultaneously dependent on American political cycles yet increasingly stabilised into environmental governance.