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<p>To achieve sustainable development and meet emission reduction targets during China’s 15th Five-Year Plan, optimizing the power structure is urgent. Tradable Green Certificates are a key mechanism for green energy transformation and large-scale clean energy deployment. However, their integration with blockchain technology remains underexplored, particularly regarding connections between domestic and international research. This study applies the technology-institutional co-evolution theory as an analytical framework, combined with bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace and bibliometrix in R, based on data from the Web of Science Core and CNKI Core databases. Initially, it conducts a macro analysis of the application research of blockchain technology. Subsequently, it focuses on an in-depth exploration and visual analysis of the core literature, concerning blockchain in the field of green certificates from 2017 to 2025, systematically reviewing high-quality literature in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. <b>Results show:</b> (1) global research exhibits a four-stage evolutionary pathway of “initial exploration- basic construction- system integration- intelligent collaboration,” resulting in a research cluster centered on smart contracts, system architecture, and privacy security; (2) domestic and international approaches differ: international studies focus on technical credibility and cross-domain collaboration, while domestic research integrates dual-carbon goals and quota policies into applications combining electricity, carbon, certificates, and cross-chain transactions; (3) blockchain applications in Tradable Green Certificates focus on traceability, transaction matching, market collaboration, and intelligent supervision. The automated mechanisms driven by smart contracts and cross-chain architecture have emerged as research focal points. <b>The study reveals</b> divergences and interaction mechanisms between domestic and international research pathways, identifies core modules and development directions for blockchain-enabled TGC trading, and establishes a comprehensive knowledge system from theory to practice, highlighting the need for technological standardization, regulatory coordination, and market internationalization.</p>

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Knowledge graph construction for “Blockchain & Tradable Green Certificate”: a dual-pathway analysis of international technology drive and domestic institution guidance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Tiantian Feng,
  • Mingli Cui,
  • Xiaoqi Sun,
  • Xianyue Shen,
  • Jiajie Kong

摘要

To achieve sustainable development and meet emission reduction targets during China’s 15th Five-Year Plan, optimizing the power structure is urgent. Tradable Green Certificates are a key mechanism for green energy transformation and large-scale clean energy deployment. However, their integration with blockchain technology remains underexplored, particularly regarding connections between domestic and international research. This study applies the technology-institutional co-evolution theory as an analytical framework, combined with bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace and bibliometrix in R, based on data from the Web of Science Core and CNKI Core databases. Initially, it conducts a macro analysis of the application research of blockchain technology. Subsequently, it focuses on an in-depth exploration and visual analysis of the core literature, concerning blockchain in the field of green certificates from 2017 to 2025, systematically reviewing high-quality literature in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results show: (1) global research exhibits a four-stage evolutionary pathway of “initial exploration- basic construction- system integration- intelligent collaboration,” resulting in a research cluster centered on smart contracts, system architecture, and privacy security; (2) domestic and international approaches differ: international studies focus on technical credibility and cross-domain collaboration, while domestic research integrates dual-carbon goals and quota policies into applications combining electricity, carbon, certificates, and cross-chain transactions; (3) blockchain applications in Tradable Green Certificates focus on traceability, transaction matching, market collaboration, and intelligent supervision. The automated mechanisms driven by smart contracts and cross-chain architecture have emerged as research focal points. The study reveals divergences and interaction mechanisms between domestic and international research pathways, identifies core modules and development directions for blockchain-enabled TGC trading, and establishes a comprehensive knowledge system from theory to practice, highlighting the need for technological standardization, regulatory coordination, and market internationalization.