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<p>This study examines the role of BIPA (Indonesian as a Foreign Language) textbooks not only as pedagogical tools but also as sites of discursive and ideological representation. Focusing on the government-published <i>Sahabatku Indonesia</i> series, the research investigates the predominance of tourism discourse within materials designed as instruments of language and cultural diplomacy. Drawing on Fairclough’s (1989, 2013) three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the study analyses textual and visual elements across levels 1 to 7 of the series at the levels of textual representation, discursive practice, and sociocultural context. The findings reveal a systematic thematic bias toward tourism, manifested through the amplification of tourist destinations and lifestyle narratives, as well as through selective omission of certain cultural dimensions. When examined across the three analytical levels, this recurring configuration can be read as constituting a form of tourism ideology in the Faircloughian sense, namely, a structured pattern of meanings that normalises particular representations of Indonesia within broader socio-political contexts. By clarifying the distinction between thematic bias and ideology in textbook discourse, this study contributes conceptually to CDA-based textbook research and offers pedagogical reflections for the future development of more balanced BIPA materials.</p>

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Language teaching or cultural selling? A critical discourse analysis of tourism bias in BIPA textbooks

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Eko Widianto,
  • Tina-Karen Pusse

摘要

This study examines the role of BIPA (Indonesian as a Foreign Language) textbooks not only as pedagogical tools but also as sites of discursive and ideological representation. Focusing on the government-published Sahabatku Indonesia series, the research investigates the predominance of tourism discourse within materials designed as instruments of language and cultural diplomacy. Drawing on Fairclough’s (1989, 2013) three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the study analyses textual and visual elements across levels 1 to 7 of the series at the levels of textual representation, discursive practice, and sociocultural context. The findings reveal a systematic thematic bias toward tourism, manifested through the amplification of tourist destinations and lifestyle narratives, as well as through selective omission of certain cultural dimensions. When examined across the three analytical levels, this recurring configuration can be read as constituting a form of tourism ideology in the Faircloughian sense, namely, a structured pattern of meanings that normalises particular representations of Indonesia within broader socio-political contexts. By clarifying the distinction between thematic bias and ideology in textbook discourse, this study contributes conceptually to CDA-based textbook research and offers pedagogical reflections for the future development of more balanced BIPA materials.