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<p>A large body of literature has explored the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and reported mixed results. One possible explanation for the mixed results is that those studies did not consider the extent to which ethical leadership attracts employee attention. Combining sensory threshold and social learning theory, we propose and test for a horizontal S-shape relationship between ethical leadership and OCB. We conducted multilevel modeling to examine these horizontal S-shaped relationships by using a sample of 119 leaders and 436 employees. The results show that ethical leadership is negatively but not significantly related to OCB when ethical leadership is very low, positively related to OCB at moderate levels of ethical leadership, and negatively related to employee OCB at very high levels of ethical leadership. Additionally, we found that that employees’ individual self-identity and collective self-identity moderate the S-shaped relationship between ethical leadership and OCB.</p>

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The horizontal S-curve effect of ethical leadership on OCB: a self-identity perspective in the Chinese context

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Mingchuan Yu,
  • Mo Chen,
  • D. Harold Doty,
  • Han Lin,
  • Ming Yuan

摘要

A large body of literature has explored the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and reported mixed results. One possible explanation for the mixed results is that those studies did not consider the extent to which ethical leadership attracts employee attention. Combining sensory threshold and social learning theory, we propose and test for a horizontal S-shape relationship between ethical leadership and OCB. We conducted multilevel modeling to examine these horizontal S-shaped relationships by using a sample of 119 leaders and 436 employees. The results show that ethical leadership is negatively but not significantly related to OCB when ethical leadership is very low, positively related to OCB at moderate levels of ethical leadership, and negatively related to employee OCB at very high levels of ethical leadership. Additionally, we found that that employees’ individual self-identity and collective self-identity moderate the S-shaped relationship between ethical leadership and OCB.