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<p>This study proposes a visual element framework for integrating subway murals into transit-oriented urban design. Drawing on interdisciplinary theories from visual psychology, environmental perception, and public art, the study identifies eight basic visual elements—shape, colour, symbol, contrast, material, light, form, and space—and examines their transformation into functional and cultural design strategies. A three-phase methodology is employed, combining literature synthesis, field observation of 446 murals across five major Chinese cities, and expert validation. The resulting framework organizes visual elements into a three-level pathway: visual components, intermediate mechanisms, and design objectives. It highlights how murals can support wayfinding, spatial legibility, emotional engagement, and cultural identity in complex transit environments. By linking micro-scale design to macro-scale urban outcomes, this research offers a potentially transferable planning tool for designers, transit authorities, and cultural policymakers seeking to create more legible, inclusive, and context-sensitive public spaces.</p>

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From ornament to infrastructure: Designing subway murals through a visual element framework for spatial and cultural integration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Shuai Chen,
  • Haiou Song,
  • Ke Sun,
  • Shu Wang,
  • Yang Zhao,
  • Cong Sun,
  • Teng Liu,
  • Muhizam Mustafa

摘要

This study proposes a visual element framework for integrating subway murals into transit-oriented urban design. Drawing on interdisciplinary theories from visual psychology, environmental perception, and public art, the study identifies eight basic visual elements—shape, colour, symbol, contrast, material, light, form, and space—and examines their transformation into functional and cultural design strategies. A three-phase methodology is employed, combining literature synthesis, field observation of 446 murals across five major Chinese cities, and expert validation. The resulting framework organizes visual elements into a three-level pathway: visual components, intermediate mechanisms, and design objectives. It highlights how murals can support wayfinding, spatial legibility, emotional engagement, and cultural identity in complex transit environments. By linking micro-scale design to macro-scale urban outcomes, this research offers a potentially transferable planning tool for designers, transit authorities, and cultural policymakers seeking to create more legible, inclusive, and context-sensitive public spaces.