Navigating stigma: Sexual identity disclosure in the medical encounter

Research has documented that open communication with medical professionals is important because it can provide patients with valuable health knowledge. Yet, studies have found low rates of sexual identity disclosure to medical providers among sexual minority patients. Based on interview data from 16 Latino gay and bisexual men, this article considers how stigmatization of a sexual minority status can constrain effective patient–provider communication by exploring the social barriers that exist in maintaining honest communication with medical professionals. Three key findings are highlighted. First, results emphasize experiences of discomfort and anxiety relating to sexual identity disclosure, with many men indicating that they rarely choose to disclose in medical contexts. Second, findings document how disclosing sexual identity to a medical provider forces them to “come out,” which can produce uncomfortable experiences. Third, interview data suggests that lack of relevance of sexual identity was a significant driver in nondisclosure decisions.