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<p>As financial markets become increasingly complex and personal financial management becomes ever more critical, understanding the nuances of financial self-efficacy (FSE) is essential for both individuals and policymakers.&#xa0;Addressing the lack of consolidated insights in the literature, this study conducts a comprehensive systematic review supported by bibliometric and content analysis to examine the evolution of FSE research. Drawing on 245 papers and 14,162 cited references published between 1992 and 2024, the analysis employs citation analysis, document co-citation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and social network analysis. A detailed systematic review of 68 highly cited articles identified six key research themes and 21 sub-themes encompassing financial socialization, resilience, gender, self-belief, stock market participation, and cognitive-demographic influences. Conceptual frameworks were developed for each theme, culminating in an integrated model illustrating the field’s overall structure and emerging trajectories. Network metrics such as degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality were used to trace influential studies and evolving trends. The study concludes with a forward-looking research agenda comprising ten questions to advance understanding in areas like financial literacy, capability, behavior, satisfaction, retirement planning, and technology adoption. This review offers a holistic synthesis of FSE scholarship, serving as a valuable reference for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to strengthen financial empowerment and decision-making.</p>

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A systematic review of financial self-efficacy: what we have learned and where we can go from here?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Anmol Gulati,
  • Sultan Singh,
  • Shallu Dhiman,
  • Kriti Kishor

摘要

As financial markets become increasingly complex and personal financial management becomes ever more critical, understanding the nuances of financial self-efficacy (FSE) is essential for both individuals and policymakers. Addressing the lack of consolidated insights in the literature, this study conducts a comprehensive systematic review supported by bibliometric and content analysis to examine the evolution of FSE research. Drawing on 245 papers and 14,162 cited references published between 1992 and 2024, the analysis employs citation analysis, document co-citation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and social network analysis. A detailed systematic review of 68 highly cited articles identified six key research themes and 21 sub-themes encompassing financial socialization, resilience, gender, self-belief, stock market participation, and cognitive-demographic influences. Conceptual frameworks were developed for each theme, culminating in an integrated model illustrating the field’s overall structure and emerging trajectories. Network metrics such as degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality were used to trace influential studies and evolving trends. The study concludes with a forward-looking research agenda comprising ten questions to advance understanding in areas like financial literacy, capability, behavior, satisfaction, retirement planning, and technology adoption. This review offers a holistic synthesis of FSE scholarship, serving as a valuable reference for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to strengthen financial empowerment and decision-making.