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<p>In situ physiological analyte measurement is pivotal for global health, yet existing in situ biosensors are commonly limited in scope. Adapting ex situ biosensors for in situ diagnostics poses challenges, including high sensitivity without pre-enrichment or pre-amplification, long-term stability in complex environments, dynamic physiological condition monitoring, and handling massive, heterogeneous datasets from various environments. In this Review, we discuss the evolution of in situ biosensing technologies, focusing on how to overcome the limitations of traditional ex situ systems through careful sensor design, encompassing innovative materials, optimized architecture and novel integration strategies. Key design components—miniaturized platforms and power supply systems—that integrate implantable, ingestible and environmental monitoring devices for real-time monitoring need to be considered along with environmental needs, data processing and analysis, and regulatory guidelines to achieve commercial and translational success of in situ biosensing.</p>

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Next-generation biosensing for in situ monitoring

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月6日

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  • Buhua Wang,
  • Abdulkadir Sanli,
  • Zhuoyuan Lai,
  • Jing Fu,
  • Muhammad Adeel,
  • Xiaojing Zhu,
  • Miao Yu,
  • Long Qu,
  • Anyi Li,
  • Zhiqing Yang,
  • Fengge Song,
  • Jiaomei Huang,
  • Shu Zeng,
  • Chaonan Mu,
  • Firat Güder,
  • Yi Wan,
  • Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro

摘要

In situ physiological analyte measurement is pivotal for global health, yet existing in situ biosensors are commonly limited in scope. Adapting ex situ biosensors for in situ diagnostics poses challenges, including high sensitivity without pre-enrichment or pre-amplification, long-term stability in complex environments, dynamic physiological condition monitoring, and handling massive, heterogeneous datasets from various environments. In this Review, we discuss the evolution of in situ biosensing technologies, focusing on how to overcome the limitations of traditional ex situ systems through careful sensor design, encompassing innovative materials, optimized architecture and novel integration strategies. Key design components—miniaturized platforms and power supply systems—that integrate implantable, ingestible and environmental monitoring devices for real-time monitoring need to be considered along with environmental needs, data processing and analysis, and regulatory guidelines to achieve commercial and translational success of in situ biosensing.