Scholarlink

<p>Ammonia used as a marine fuel can lower carbon emissions from shipping, but may substantially increase reactive nitrogen pollution through releases of nitrous oxide, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia. Here, we provide first-order global estimates of reactive nitrogen losses across the ammonia marine fuel value chain under low, medium, and high emission scenarios. Total reactive nitrogen emissions could be approximately 66 percent lower or up to approximately 185 percent higher than those from current marine fuel oil for the same energy output, driven mainly by uncertainty in ammonia leakage during production, storage, and bunkering and by engine-dependent emission factors. In medium- and high-emission scenarios without strict controls, ammonia marine fuel could become a major reactive nitrogen source by mid-century, contributing to climate forcing, air quality deterioration, and ecological impacts near ports and shipping lanes. Rapid leak detection, capture of boil-off gases, and verified low-emission engine operation are essential. Coordinated governance is also required to secure climate benefits while limiting harm.</p><p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Ammonia marine fuel can reduce or increase reactive nitrogen pollution depending on emissions controls

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

查看全文
  • Sofia Esquivel-Elizondo,
  • Marie Cabbia Hubatova,
  • James Kershaw,
  • Stavroula S. Sartzetakis,
  • Lucy Gilliam

摘要

Ammonia used as a marine fuel can lower carbon emissions from shipping, but may substantially increase reactive nitrogen pollution through releases of nitrous oxide, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia. Here, we provide first-order global estimates of reactive nitrogen losses across the ammonia marine fuel value chain under low, medium, and high emission scenarios. Total reactive nitrogen emissions could be approximately 66 percent lower or up to approximately 185 percent higher than those from current marine fuel oil for the same energy output, driven mainly by uncertainty in ammonia leakage during production, storage, and bunkering and by engine-dependent emission factors. In medium- and high-emission scenarios without strict controls, ammonia marine fuel could become a major reactive nitrogen source by mid-century, contributing to climate forcing, air quality deterioration, and ecological impacts near ports and shipping lanes. Rapid leak detection, capture of boil-off gases, and verified low-emission engine operation are essential. Coordinated governance is also required to secure climate benefits while limiting harm.