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<p>Shape memory behavior in engineered systems is traditionally achieved through material-level phase transformations or polymer network rearrangements. While effective, these approaches tightly couple functionality to chemistry, limiting scalability, material choice, and manufacturing flexibility. An alternative paradigm is to embed recoverability within structural architecture itself, decoupling actuation from intrinsic material phase changes. We present a feather-inspired phase-transforming cellular material–spring system (F-PXCM) that achieves shape recovery through structural interactions rather than active phases. PXCMs, designed with bistable sinusoidal geometries, mimic the hydration-induced softening of the feather matrix, while temperature-invariant springs replicate keratinous fibers. Finite element simulations show that thermal softening of PXCMs, combined with spring restitution, enables complete recovery, while additive-manufactured prototypes confirm the computational results. Exploratory microscale fabrication with two-photon polymerization highlights key challenges and pathways forward.</p>

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Reconfigurable architected material systems inspired by feather shaft mechanics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Phani Saketh Dasika,
  • Yunlan Zhang,
  • Somayajulu Dhulipala,
  • Lei Wu,
  • Carlos M. Portela,
  • Pablo D. Zavattieri

摘要

Shape memory behavior in engineered systems is traditionally achieved through material-level phase transformations or polymer network rearrangements. While effective, these approaches tightly couple functionality to chemistry, limiting scalability, material choice, and manufacturing flexibility. An alternative paradigm is to embed recoverability within structural architecture itself, decoupling actuation from intrinsic material phase changes. We present a feather-inspired phase-transforming cellular material–spring system (F-PXCM) that achieves shape recovery through structural interactions rather than active phases. PXCMs, designed with bistable sinusoidal geometries, mimic the hydration-induced softening of the feather matrix, while temperature-invariant springs replicate keratinous fibers. Finite element simulations show that thermal softening of PXCMs, combined with spring restitution, enables complete recovery, while additive-manufactured prototypes confirm the computational results. Exploratory microscale fabrication with two-photon polymerization highlights key challenges and pathways forward.