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<p>The limited and scattered fatigue performances and their difficult predictability remain critical barriers for the widespread adoption of Laser-based Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) metamaterials in engineering applications, as fatigue damage initiation is highly sensitive to manufacturing-induced geometric imperfections. While X-ray computed tomography (CT) provides high-fidelity as-built reconstructions fundamental for metamaterials’ structural health monitoring, its cost and complexity hinder routine integration into fatigue assessment workflows at the design stage. In this work, we propose a computationally efficient framework for the development of synthetic as-built CAD models, serving as digital twins for fatigue life and failure location prediction. The proposed model is herein reported for L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V struts, the elemental building blocks of metamaterial architectures, manufactured at different building orientations. Leveraging stereomicroscopy input images, a modular reconstruction pipeline capturing orientation-dependent surface morphology and partially fused particles allows the generation of as-built CAD models that retain the geometric variability governing fatigue behaviour, without reliance on volumetric imaging. Synthetic models are coupled with finite element analyses and a statistical strain energy density criterion to identify failure-critical locations. Validation against CT-derived counterparts demonstrates close morphological agreement and, since the design stage, the ability to estimate fatigue life and predict experimental failure locations within established scatter bands.</p>

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Statistical average strain energy density fatigue estimation of strut-based metamaterials via synthetic as-built CAD digital twins

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Simone Murchio,
  • Raffaele De Biasi,
  • Marcello Laurenti,
  • Nicolò Bonato,
  • Simone Carmignato,
  • Matteo Benedetti,
  • Filippo Berto

摘要

The limited and scattered fatigue performances and their difficult predictability remain critical barriers for the widespread adoption of Laser-based Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) metamaterials in engineering applications, as fatigue damage initiation is highly sensitive to manufacturing-induced geometric imperfections. While X-ray computed tomography (CT) provides high-fidelity as-built reconstructions fundamental for metamaterials’ structural health monitoring, its cost and complexity hinder routine integration into fatigue assessment workflows at the design stage. In this work, we propose a computationally efficient framework for the development of synthetic as-built CAD models, serving as digital twins for fatigue life and failure location prediction. The proposed model is herein reported for L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V struts, the elemental building blocks of metamaterial architectures, manufactured at different building orientations. Leveraging stereomicroscopy input images, a modular reconstruction pipeline capturing orientation-dependent surface morphology and partially fused particles allows the generation of as-built CAD models that retain the geometric variability governing fatigue behaviour, without reliance on volumetric imaging. Synthetic models are coupled with finite element analyses and a statistical strain energy density criterion to identify failure-critical locations. Validation against CT-derived counterparts demonstrates close morphological agreement and, since the design stage, the ability to estimate fatigue life and predict experimental failure locations within established scatter bands.