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<p>The presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the human has raised health concerns, yet their tissue-specific accumulation in avascular environments remains unclear. Laser micro-Raman spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were employed to quantify MNPs from 21 donors undergoing spinal fusion. MPs showed a tissue-specific abundance gradient, with number concentrations of 6.74 ± 4.40 n/mL in blood, 13.26 ± 5.49 n/g in bone, and 13.55 ± 4.48 n/g in intervertebral disc, and mean particle sizes of 64.50 μm, 57.10 μm, and 77.60 μm, respectively; particles smaller than 100 μm accounted for 90.0%, 92.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. NPs (0.16–20.28 μg/g) were ubiquitously detected, with polyvinyl chloride and polyamide 66, accounting for 78.2% of the total mass, indicating distinct tissue-selective enrichment. A regulated accumulation pattern showed a dominant “disc-enriched” profile in nearly half the individuals. Fiber morphology, white color, larger size, and PET/PE polymers were identified as key drivers of tissue-selective retention. Although calculated chemical risks remain within safety limits, the substantial NPs sequestration in the avascular disc suggests an overlooked mechanism of long-term physical burden and potential tissue degradation. This study provides novel insights into the individualized MNPs accumulation and highlight the need to re-evaluate the health implications of plastic pollution in slow-metabolizing tissues.</p>

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Microplastics and nanoplastics in matched human blood, bone, and intervertebral discs: Accumulation patterns and risks

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Xuehua Li,
  • Yanhua Wang,
  • Zixian Feng,
  • Jiawei Zhang,
  • Baoshan Xing,
  • Tan Ding

摘要

The presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the human has raised health concerns, yet their tissue-specific accumulation in avascular environments remains unclear. Laser micro-Raman spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were employed to quantify MNPs from 21 donors undergoing spinal fusion. MPs showed a tissue-specific abundance gradient, with number concentrations of 6.74 ± 4.40 n/mL in blood, 13.26 ± 5.49 n/g in bone, and 13.55 ± 4.48 n/g in intervertebral disc, and mean particle sizes of 64.50 μm, 57.10 μm, and 77.60 μm, respectively; particles smaller than 100 μm accounted for 90.0%, 92.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. NPs (0.16–20.28 μg/g) were ubiquitously detected, with polyvinyl chloride and polyamide 66, accounting for 78.2% of the total mass, indicating distinct tissue-selective enrichment. A regulated accumulation pattern showed a dominant “disc-enriched” profile in nearly half the individuals. Fiber morphology, white color, larger size, and PET/PE polymers were identified as key drivers of tissue-selective retention. Although calculated chemical risks remain within safety limits, the substantial NPs sequestration in the avascular disc suggests an overlooked mechanism of long-term physical burden and potential tissue degradation. This study provides novel insights into the individualized MNPs accumulation and highlight the need to re-evaluate the health implications of plastic pollution in slow-metabolizing tissues.