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<p>Microplastic (MP) fibres from washing machines are a major source of environmental pollution, yet, existing domestic filtration solutions are prone to clogging and have limited retention. Inspired by the gill arch system of ram-feeding fishes, we developed a bio-inspired filter that employs semi-cross-flow filtration with a conical filter element geometry, periodic self-cleaning and optimised inflow. Laboratory tests show that the fish-inspired filter (FiF) retains up to 99.6% of MP test fibres. Clogging is reduced by collecting up to 85% of the fibres outside the FiF through a periodic cleaning mechanism. CFD and flow tank experiments demonstrate that filtration performance is strongly influenced by the angle of attack and inlet geometry. The FiF achieves a low concentrate volume (∼5%), increasing yield and minimising post-treatment. Our findings highlight the potential of bio-inspired filtration mechanisms for engineering applications such as washing machines requiring high efficiency and modular design.</p>

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A self-cleaning, bio-inspired high retention filter for a major entry path of microplastics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Leandra Hamann,
  • Christian Reuß,
  • Hendrik Herzog,
  • Kristina Schreiber,
  • Christian Geitner,
  • Alexander Blanke

摘要

Microplastic (MP) fibres from washing machines are a major source of environmental pollution, yet, existing domestic filtration solutions are prone to clogging and have limited retention. Inspired by the gill arch system of ram-feeding fishes, we developed a bio-inspired filter that employs semi-cross-flow filtration with a conical filter element geometry, periodic self-cleaning and optimised inflow. Laboratory tests show that the fish-inspired filter (FiF) retains up to 99.6% of MP test fibres. Clogging is reduced by collecting up to 85% of the fibres outside the FiF through a periodic cleaning mechanism. CFD and flow tank experiments demonstrate that filtration performance is strongly influenced by the angle of attack and inlet geometry. The FiF achieves a low concentrate volume (∼5%), increasing yield and minimising post-treatment. Our findings highlight the potential of bio-inspired filtration mechanisms for engineering applications such as washing machines requiring high efficiency and modular design.