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<p>Due to the widespread industrial use and presumed lower toxicity, fluorinated alternatives are increasingly detected in soils and sediments. Nevertheless, their detection remains challenging due to structural diversity, wide variations in physical and chemical properties, and significantly complex matrix effects. A sensitive and cost-effective approach for quantifying fluorinated alternatives in soil and sediment were developed using accelerated solvent extraction combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This method showed high sensitivity (LOD/LOQ: 0.14–0.80 ng/g) with satisfactory accuracy (recoveries of 85.4–95.5%) and precision (RSD &lt; 10%), demonstrating strong reliability for environmental analysis. Notably, the optimized pre-treatment approach cost only 23 min per sample reducing processing time by at least two hours compared with the oscillatory or ultrasonic extraction method. Both 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFAES) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) were detected in 37 soil and 23 sediment samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.24 to 749 ng/g.</p>

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A novel pretreatment method for fluorinated alternatives in soil and sediment using accelerated solvent extraction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Rui Wang,
  • Yixiang Wang,
  • Shitao Hu,
  • Xixu Ding,
  • Haoyu Zhang,
  • Zongqi Hu,
  • Jinsong Liu,
  • Quan Zhang

摘要

Due to the widespread industrial use and presumed lower toxicity, fluorinated alternatives are increasingly detected in soils and sediments. Nevertheless, their detection remains challenging due to structural diversity, wide variations in physical and chemical properties, and significantly complex matrix effects. A sensitive and cost-effective approach for quantifying fluorinated alternatives in soil and sediment were developed using accelerated solvent extraction combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This method showed high sensitivity (LOD/LOQ: 0.14–0.80 ng/g) with satisfactory accuracy (recoveries of 85.4–95.5%) and precision (RSD < 10%), demonstrating strong reliability for environmental analysis. Notably, the optimized pre-treatment approach cost only 23 min per sample reducing processing time by at least two hours compared with the oscillatory or ultrasonic extraction method. Both 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFAES) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) were detected in 37 soil and 23 sediment samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.24 to 749 ng/g.