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<p>With growing vehicle numbers and the shift to new energy vehicles, traffic non-exhaust emissions (NEEs), especially tire and brake wear particles (TBWPs), have become a prominent urban air pollutant. TBWPs contain various organics harmful to the respiratory system. Epigenetics bridges environmental exposure and sustained lung injury, yet TBWP-related epigenetic toxic mechanisms remain poorly summarized. This review summarizes in vitro animal and epidemiological evidence to illustrate TBWP-induced pulmonary toxicity via epigenetic pathways such as DNA methylation changes, non-coding RNA dysregulation, and chromatin remodeling, alongside oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity. We point out key research gaps and discuss epigenetic changes as promising biomarkers. Building integrated epigenetic toxicology systems will help advance pollution risk assessment focused on toxicity rather than pollutant mass.</p>

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Epigenetic mechanisms linking traffic-related organic pollutants to pulmonary damage: insights from tire and brake wear

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Tingting Wu,
  • Zhigang Li,
  • Jie Yao,
  • Hongfei Chen,
  • Rongrong Xu,
  • Xinping Yang,
  • Yongjie Wei,
  • Yan Ding

摘要

With growing vehicle numbers and the shift to new energy vehicles, traffic non-exhaust emissions (NEEs), especially tire and brake wear particles (TBWPs), have become a prominent urban air pollutant. TBWPs contain various organics harmful to the respiratory system. Epigenetics bridges environmental exposure and sustained lung injury, yet TBWP-related epigenetic toxic mechanisms remain poorly summarized. This review summarizes in vitro animal and epidemiological evidence to illustrate TBWP-induced pulmonary toxicity via epigenetic pathways such as DNA methylation changes, non-coding RNA dysregulation, and chromatin remodeling, alongside oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity. We point out key research gaps and discuss epigenetic changes as promising biomarkers. Building integrated epigenetic toxicology systems will help advance pollution risk assessment focused on toxicity rather than pollutant mass.