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<p>Aspartic proteinases (APs) are essential proteolytic enzymes involved in plant growth, development, and defence. This study investigates PSI-containing Aspartic Proteinases (APs) in <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> (tomato plant), focusing on their molecular characteristics, tissue-specific expression, and response to abiotic stress. While 58 APs were identified in <i>S. lycopersicum</i>, only five (AP V, AP W, AP X, AP Y, and AP Z) contained a C-terminal vacuolar sorting domain and the Plant Specific Insert (PSI) domain, a unique domain implicated in vacuolar trafficking and stress responses. These PSI-containing APs were further analyzed through phylogenetics, revealing their evolutionary relationships with homologous APs from other species. Expression profiling showed that most PSI-containing APs are highly expressed in cotyledons and roots, with AP Y being distinctively predominant in reproductive tissues. Under osmotic and saline stress, expression patterns varied, with AP Z exhibiting a broader stress sensitivity. Biochemical analyses confirmed that severe osmotic stress led to increased oxidative stress markers and antioxidant responses, suggestive of activation of the plant-adaptive mechanisms to abiotic stress. As a whole, it is shown that PSI-containing APs from <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> are strictly regulated within the plant and exhibit varied responses to environmental stressors.</p>

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Tomato aspartic proteinases harbouring PSI domains reveal stress responsiveness, organ specificity, and conserved features

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Miguel Sampaio,
  • João Neves,
  • João Monteiro,
  • Cristiano Soares,
  • Fernanda Fidalgo,
  • Jonas Alvim,
  • José Pissarra,
  • Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano,
  • Cláudia Pereira

摘要

Aspartic proteinases (APs) are essential proteolytic enzymes involved in plant growth, development, and defence. This study investigates PSI-containing Aspartic Proteinases (APs) in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato plant), focusing on their molecular characteristics, tissue-specific expression, and response to abiotic stress. While 58 APs were identified in S. lycopersicum, only five (AP V, AP W, AP X, AP Y, and AP Z) contained a C-terminal vacuolar sorting domain and the Plant Specific Insert (PSI) domain, a unique domain implicated in vacuolar trafficking and stress responses. These PSI-containing APs were further analyzed through phylogenetics, revealing their evolutionary relationships with homologous APs from other species. Expression profiling showed that most PSI-containing APs are highly expressed in cotyledons and roots, with AP Y being distinctively predominant in reproductive tissues. Under osmotic and saline stress, expression patterns varied, with AP Z exhibiting a broader stress sensitivity. Biochemical analyses confirmed that severe osmotic stress led to increased oxidative stress markers and antioxidant responses, suggestive of activation of the plant-adaptive mechanisms to abiotic stress. As a whole, it is shown that PSI-containing APs from Solanum lycopersicum are strictly regulated within the plant and exhibit varied responses to environmental stressors.