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<p>As Europe warms at nearly twice the global average rate, extreme heat poses a growing public health threat. Effective, evidence-based communication on heat-related health is essential to reduce heat-related morbidity and mortality. Here we present an elicitation-based assessment of heat-related health communication strategies across Europe, drawing on expert consultations and an analysis of 11 campaigns implemented by national authorities in Germany, France, Greece and the Netherlands, as well as initiatives led by European-level institutions and global organizations such as the World Health Organization and World Meteorological Organization. Most initiatives reflect established health communication principles, but systematic pre-testing, behavioural evaluation and evaluation based on morbidity or mortality remain rare. Exceptions, such as France’s gain-framed, evaluation-driven campaign and the Netherlands’ current evaluation within the Dutch Heat Health Action Plan, show promising engagement and behavioural outcomes. We discuss substantial gaps in the evaluation and coordination of heat-related health messaging across Europe. To enhance public health preparedness and equity, we recommend data-driven, theory-informed communication design using behavioural models such as COM-B. A shared European database of validated materials and evaluation tools could support cross-country learning and evidence-based improvements. Strengthening pan-European collaboration might improve efficiency, consistency and impact while supporting equitable heat-related health protection as climate-related risks intensify.</p>

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Evidence-based communications for extreme heat and health

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Mirjam Annina Jenny,
  • Franziska Matthies-Wiesler,
  • Sarah Pelull,
  • Dominik Daube,
  • Chloe Brimicombe,
  • Francesca de’Donato,
  • Claudia Di Napoli,
  • Christos Giannaros,
  • Werner Hagens,
  • Sebastian Hoppe,
  • Alina Hermann,
  • Stefan Muthers,
  • Carolina Pereira Marghidan,
  • Merle Potzauf,
  • Sandrine Randriamampianina,
  • Alejandro Saez Reale,
  • Parichehr Shamsrizi,
  • Agnes Verrier,
  • Cornelia Betsch

摘要

As Europe warms at nearly twice the global average rate, extreme heat poses a growing public health threat. Effective, evidence-based communication on heat-related health is essential to reduce heat-related morbidity and mortality. Here we present an elicitation-based assessment of heat-related health communication strategies across Europe, drawing on expert consultations and an analysis of 11 campaigns implemented by national authorities in Germany, France, Greece and the Netherlands, as well as initiatives led by European-level institutions and global organizations such as the World Health Organization and World Meteorological Organization. Most initiatives reflect established health communication principles, but systematic pre-testing, behavioural evaluation and evaluation based on morbidity or mortality remain rare. Exceptions, such as France’s gain-framed, evaluation-driven campaign and the Netherlands’ current evaluation within the Dutch Heat Health Action Plan, show promising engagement and behavioural outcomes. We discuss substantial gaps in the evaluation and coordination of heat-related health messaging across Europe. To enhance public health preparedness and equity, we recommend data-driven, theory-informed communication design using behavioural models such as COM-B. A shared European database of validated materials and evaluation tools could support cross-country learning and evidence-based improvements. Strengthening pan-European collaboration might improve efficiency, consistency and impact while supporting equitable heat-related health protection as climate-related risks intensify.