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<p>Ambient fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is a major global threat to human health but its impacts on labour productivity remain poorly understood. Here we show that short-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with substantial productivity losses related to premature deaths across 1,066 locations in seven countries between 2000 and 2019. Using mortality, air pollution and workforce participation data, we estimated that productivity-adjusted life-years (PALYs) lost owing to premature deaths increased by 2.70% (95% confidence interval 2.15–3.26%) for every 10-μg m<sup>−</sup><sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Risks were higher among women, younger adults (15–44 years) and populations living in lower-middle-income areas. Overall, 5.0% (95% confidence interval 4.0–5.9%) of PALYs lost from premature deaths were attributable to PM<sub>2.5</sub>, corresponding to an annual economic cost of US$21.5 billion. Reducing PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations below the World Health Organization air quality guideline could avoid 3.5% of PALY losses and US$16.7 billion in annual economic costs. These findings highlight the substantial labour and economic benefits of reducing air pollution.</p>

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Labour productivity loss and economic burden from PM2.5-related mortality in multiple countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Bo Wen,
  • Zanfina Ademi,
  • Yao Wu,
  • Rongbin Xu,
  • Pei Yu,
  • Yanming Liu,
  • Wenhua Yu,
  • Tingting Ye,
  • Wenzhong Huang,
  • Zhengyu Yang,
  • Yiwen Zhang,
  • Yuxi Zhang,
  • Ke Ju,
  • Simon Hales,
  • Eric Lavigne,
  • Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva,
  • Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho,
  • Patricia Matus,
  • Ho Kim,
  • Kraichat Tantrakarnapa,
  • Wissanupong Kliengchuay,
  • Michael J. Abramson,
  • Guy Marks,
  • Lidia Morawska,
  • Luke Knibbs,
  • Yuming Guo,
  • Shanshan Li

摘要

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major global threat to human health but its impacts on labour productivity remain poorly understood. Here we show that short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with substantial productivity losses related to premature deaths across 1,066 locations in seven countries between 2000 and 2019. Using mortality, air pollution and workforce participation data, we estimated that productivity-adjusted life-years (PALYs) lost owing to premature deaths increased by 2.70% (95% confidence interval 2.15–3.26%) for every 10-μg m−3 increase in PM2.5. Risks were higher among women, younger adults (15–44 years) and populations living in lower-middle-income areas. Overall, 5.0% (95% confidence interval 4.0–5.9%) of PALYs lost from premature deaths were attributable to PM2.5, corresponding to an annual economic cost of US$21.5 billion. Reducing PM2.5 concentrations below the World Health Organization air quality guideline could avoid 3.5% of PALY losses and US$16.7 billion in annual economic costs. These findings highlight the substantial labour and economic benefits of reducing air pollution.