Scholarlink

<p>Public health and social measures (PHSMs) may influence observed vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates. We hypothesized that VE estimates would be lower in settings with relaxed PHSMs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 70 test-negative design studies reporting VE against infection (including any positive test result or test-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19) or severe disease (hospitalization, intensive care unit admission or death). PHSM intensity was measured using Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker indices, including the Stringency Index (SI). Based on 1,273 VE estimates, pooled VE against infection was significantly higher in settings with higher index values (lower exposure intensity): 82% (95% CI = 80–83%) in high-SI settings versus 46% (95% CI = 41–50%) in low-SI settings. Similar patterns appeared for other indices and severe disease outcomes. These associations persisted in meta-regression models adjusting for viral variant, vaccine type, time since vaccination, previous infection status, enrolment criteria and calendar time. Correlation analyses showed moderate-to-strong positive correlations between VE estimates and index values (Spearman’s correlation = 0.31–0.57). These findings indicate that VE estimates are significantly associated with PHSM intensity and may not generalize across settings with different restriction levels, highlighting the need to account for policy context when interpreting vaccine performance.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Association of public health and social measures with vaccine effectiveness

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

查看全文
  • Tim K. Tsang,
  • Sheena G. Sullivan,
  • Xiaotong Huang,
  • Can Wang,
  • Liping Peng,
  • Bingyi Yang,
  • Benjamin J. Cowling

摘要

Public health and social measures (PHSMs) may influence observed vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates. We hypothesized that VE estimates would be lower in settings with relaxed PHSMs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 70 test-negative design studies reporting VE against infection (including any positive test result or test-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19) or severe disease (hospitalization, intensive care unit admission or death). PHSM intensity was measured using Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker indices, including the Stringency Index (SI). Based on 1,273 VE estimates, pooled VE against infection was significantly higher in settings with higher index values (lower exposure intensity): 82% (95% CI = 80–83%) in high-SI settings versus 46% (95% CI = 41–50%) in low-SI settings. Similar patterns appeared for other indices and severe disease outcomes. These associations persisted in meta-regression models adjusting for viral variant, vaccine type, time since vaccination, previous infection status, enrolment criteria and calendar time. Correlation analyses showed moderate-to-strong positive correlations between VE estimates and index values (Spearman’s correlation = 0.31–0.57). These findings indicate that VE estimates are significantly associated with PHSM intensity and may not generalize across settings with different restriction levels, highlighting the need to account for policy context when interpreting vaccine performance.