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<p>Perovskite photovoltaics (PV) have delivered rapid efficiency gains; however, commercial deployment remains constrained by issues related to scale-up, reliability and system-level uncertainties. The field is now limited less by material discovery than by the complex choreography of commercialization. In this Perspective, we reframe the commercialization of perovskite PV as a multidimensional, product-centric evolution spanning materials, manufacturing, standards, policy and market design. In this Perspective, we examine perovskite and perovskite–silicon tandem photovoltaic technologies, focusing on their manufacturing maturity and commercial readiness. We highlight a plateau effect, in which additional laboratory-scale efficiency gains provide limited benefit unless accompanied by improvements in production yield, operational stability and overall factory economics. Drawing on lessons from early pilot lines, regional industrial strategies and analogue technologies such as OLEDs, we highlight the roles of supply chains, adaptive standards and risk capital in creating bankable products. Future research must treat manufacturability, stability, resource constraints and recyclability as primary design variables, and coordinated, application-driven roadmaps are essential to translate perovskite PV from record-setting devices into a credible product.</p>

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Taking perovskite photovoltaics from promise to product

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Amit Kumar Harit,
  • Zi-Fan He,
  • Yinghuan Kuang,
  • Tamara Merckx,
  • Aranzazu Aguirre,
  • Manya Li,
  • Ke Xiao,
  • Xi Wang,
  • Yi Hou,
  • Buyi Yan,
  • Hairen Tan,
  • Tom Aernouts,
  • Anurag Krishna

摘要

Perovskite photovoltaics (PV) have delivered rapid efficiency gains; however, commercial deployment remains constrained by issues related to scale-up, reliability and system-level uncertainties. The field is now limited less by material discovery than by the complex choreography of commercialization. In this Perspective, we reframe the commercialization of perovskite PV as a multidimensional, product-centric evolution spanning materials, manufacturing, standards, policy and market design. In this Perspective, we examine perovskite and perovskite–silicon tandem photovoltaic technologies, focusing on their manufacturing maturity and commercial readiness. We highlight a plateau effect, in which additional laboratory-scale efficiency gains provide limited benefit unless accompanied by improvements in production yield, operational stability and overall factory economics. Drawing on lessons from early pilot lines, regional industrial strategies and analogue technologies such as OLEDs, we highlight the roles of supply chains, adaptive standards and risk capital in creating bankable products. Future research must treat manufacturability, stability, resource constraints and recyclability as primary design variables, and coordinated, application-driven roadmaps are essential to translate perovskite PV from record-setting devices into a credible product.