<p>The ability to exploit quantum phenomena has enabled sensing technologies with detection limits below the classical limit. Sensors with applications in energy discovery, production, transportation and consumption can be enhanced through quantum or hybrid quantum–classical sensors. In this Review, we provide an overview of commercial and emerging quantum sensor platforms and their areas of opportunity specific to advanced energy technologies. Key examples include: power-grid-enhancing technologies, where quantum magnetometers can detect powerline and transformer faults; electric-vehicle-to-grid applications, where chip-scale atomic clocks can enable grid synchronization; and carbon capture and storage, where quantum gravimeters and single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can detect microscopic leaks. Quantum sensor deployment requires further research into miniaturization and ruggedization for field deployment, cost reduction and workforce development. The maturation of clean energy technologies and quantum sensors provides opportunities for synergy, so that the integration of quantum sensors into advanced energy technologies can maximize their security, reliability and efficiency.</p>