<p>The integration of solar photovoltaics (PV) into buildings and infrastructure necessitates PV elements that are suitable as construction materials and aesthetically pleasing. In this Perspective, we explore how coloured opaque PV technologies blend power generation with visual appeal, providing foundational methods for better balancing aesthetics and efficiency. Our analysis covers the key features and theoretical efficiency limits of coloured opaque PV modules, noting that efficiencies of around 22% are practically achievable across most colours. We provide an overview of various optical materials for PV colourization, focusing on easily mass-producible inorganic pigments, multilayer dielectric thin films and interference pigments that facilitate higher efficiency, and other emerging materials. To boost future development and benchmarking, we propose a design framework that incorporates optical and electrical simulation, along with an inverse optimization algorithm for achieving an optimal coloured PV with targeted colour and maximum efficiency. We also suggest that future studies should include detailed reporting of metrics that involve power conversion performance, colour lightness and chromaticity, and the influence of colouring materials, to facilitate fair performance assessment. Finally, we identify the challenges that remain in enhancing the performance and practical application of coloured opaque PV and offer potential solutions.</p>