<p>Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress immune responses through multiple mechanisms, including contact-dependent removal of pMHCII and costimulatory ligands from antigen-presenting cells via trogocytosis and trans-endocytosis. These pathways require membrane deformation, receptor engagement, and vesicular trafficking. We propose that Treg efficiency in these processes is shaped by cellular mechanics—particularly membrane tension and actin organization—yielding a distinct biophysical signature for antigen-specific suppression.</p>

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Mechanobiology of regulatory T cells: how cellular mechanics shape immune suppression

  • Valeria I. Arteaga-Muñiz,
  • Vishal Singh,
  • Billur Akkaya,
  • Cӧmert Kural

摘要

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress immune responses through multiple mechanisms, including contact-dependent removal of pMHCII and costimulatory ligands from antigen-presenting cells via trogocytosis and trans-endocytosis. These pathways require membrane deformation, receptor engagement, and vesicular trafficking. We propose that Treg efficiency in these processes is shaped by cellular mechanics—particularly membrane tension and actin organization—yielding a distinct biophysical signature for antigen-specific suppression.