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<p>Imperfect attempts at organ repair after repeated injury result in aberrant formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and loss of tissue structure. This abnormal ECM goes from being a consequence of cellular dysregulation to become the backbone of a persistently fibrotic cell niche that compromises organic function and ultimately drives systemic disease. Here, we review our current understanding of the structure of the ECM, the mechanisms behind organ-specific fibrosis, resolution, healing and regeneration, as well as the development of anti-fibrotic strategies. We also discuss the design of biomarkers to investigate fibrosis pathophysiology, track fibrosis progression, systemic damage, and fibrosis resolution.</p>

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ECM formation and degradation during fibrosis, repair, and regeneration

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月10日

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  • Alejandro E. Mayorca-Guiliani,
  • Diana Julie Leeming,
  • Kim Henriksen,
  • Joachim Høg Mortensen,
  • Signe Holm Nielsen,
  • Quentin M. Anstee,
  • Arun J. Sanyal,
  • Morten A. Karsdal,
  • Detlef Schuppan

摘要

Imperfect attempts at organ repair after repeated injury result in aberrant formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and loss of tissue structure. This abnormal ECM goes from being a consequence of cellular dysregulation to become the backbone of a persistently fibrotic cell niche that compromises organic function and ultimately drives systemic disease. Here, we review our current understanding of the structure of the ECM, the mechanisms behind organ-specific fibrosis, resolution, healing and regeneration, as well as the development of anti-fibrotic strategies. We also discuss the design of biomarkers to investigate fibrosis pathophysiology, track fibrosis progression, systemic damage, and fibrosis resolution.