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<p>Brain metastases (BrM) affect up to 30% of patients with solid tumors, yet durable intracranial control remains rare, and the biological drivers of this poor prognosis are incompletely understood. Patient-derived resources, such as clinical cohorts, biobanks, functional ex vivo models, and multi-omic platforms, are central to closing this gap, but their generation and integration face substantial logistical and technical hurdles. Drawing on the RISEbrain consortium's experience, this Perspective examines BrM-focused cohorts and biobanks, highlighting the underused potential of rapid autopsy programs to capture early metastatic seeding. We discuss patient-derived organotypic cultures and emerging organoid-based "avatar" systems as functional platforms for therapeutic profiling, alongside the complementary strengths of bulk and single-cell/-nucleus transcriptomics. We outline how spatial transcriptomics and proteomics are resolving the architecture of the BrM microenvironment, and assess liquid biopsy approaches, including emerging photonic biosensors, for non-invasive monitoring. Together, these resources form an interdependent toolkit whose coordinated deployment will advance early detection, prevention, and precision treatment of BrM.</p>

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Patient-derived resources for decoding and targeting brain metastases ecosystems

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Manuel Valiente,
  • Lal Era Aydoğan,
  • Nisan Feigin,
  • Clara Gahn,
  • Carolina Hernandez-Oliver,
  • Friedrich Milling,
  • Evren Oktem,
  • Carmen Ortega-Sabater,
  • Neibla Priego,
  • Alessia Andrea Ricci,
  • Giulia Capella,
  • Luca Mangherini,
  • Laura Serrano-Ron,
  • Antonia Stammberger,
  • Juan Vazquez-Canto,
  • Katharina J Weber,
  • Rebekka Wehner,
  • Thomas Broggini,
  • Marcus Czabanka,
  • Serap Aksu,
  • Fatima Al-Shahrour,
  • Luca Bertero,
  • Marc Schmitz,
  • Itay Tirosh,
  • Hind Medyouf

摘要

Brain metastases (BrM) affect up to 30% of patients with solid tumors, yet durable intracranial control remains rare, and the biological drivers of this poor prognosis are incompletely understood. Patient-derived resources, such as clinical cohorts, biobanks, functional ex vivo models, and multi-omic platforms, are central to closing this gap, but their generation and integration face substantial logistical and technical hurdles. Drawing on the RISEbrain consortium's experience, this Perspective examines BrM-focused cohorts and biobanks, highlighting the underused potential of rapid autopsy programs to capture early metastatic seeding. We discuss patient-derived organotypic cultures and emerging organoid-based "avatar" systems as functional platforms for therapeutic profiling, alongside the complementary strengths of bulk and single-cell/-nucleus transcriptomics. We outline how spatial transcriptomics and proteomics are resolving the architecture of the BrM microenvironment, and assess liquid biopsy approaches, including emerging photonic biosensors, for non-invasive monitoring. Together, these resources form an interdependent toolkit whose coordinated deployment will advance early detection, prevention, and precision treatment of BrM.