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<p>How B-cell responses towards seasonal human coronaviruses (sHCoVs) impacted those towards SARS-CoV-2 has been widely studied, yet potential reverse effects are ill-defined. We compared sHCoV immune responses between cross-sectional pre-pandemic and end-pandemic cohorts of immunocompetent adults. We assessed Spike (S) reactive IgG and IgA serum and B-cell responses towards sHCoVs and dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants, and evaluated their contribution to OC43 neutralization. Pre-pandemic individuals were uniformly sHCoV IgG and IgA seropositive, yet SARS-CoV-2 S-reactivity was negligible. End-pandemic donors, had predominant SARS-CoV-2 responses that in part cross-reacted with sHCoV which accounted for higher serum NL63, HKU1 and OC43 antibody levels. This effect was strongest for OC43 S2 and this cross-reactive response contributed to OC43 serum neutralization. We conclude that SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses impacted sHCoVs responses, particularly for OC43. This could have implications for immune protection and offers insights for the development of pan-coronavirus treatments and vaccines.</p>

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SARS-CoV-2 crossreactive B-cells outnumber seasonal coronavirus spike-specific clones at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Cristina Gonzalez-Lopez,
  • Muriel Aguilar-Bretones,
  • Julian Reinders,
  • Jingshu Zhang,
  • Petra van den Doel,
  • Batuhan Bekki,
  • Eric C. van Gorp,
  • P. Hugo M. van der Kuy,
  • Bart L. Haagmans,
  • Corine H. GeurtsVanKessel,
  • Marion P. G. Koopmans,
  • Rory D. de Vries,
  • Marit J. van Gils,
  • Gijsbert P. van Nierop

摘要

How B-cell responses towards seasonal human coronaviruses (sHCoVs) impacted those towards SARS-CoV-2 has been widely studied, yet potential reverse effects are ill-defined. We compared sHCoV immune responses between cross-sectional pre-pandemic and end-pandemic cohorts of immunocompetent adults. We assessed Spike (S) reactive IgG and IgA serum and B-cell responses towards sHCoVs and dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants, and evaluated their contribution to OC43 neutralization. Pre-pandemic individuals were uniformly sHCoV IgG and IgA seropositive, yet SARS-CoV-2 S-reactivity was negligible. End-pandemic donors, had predominant SARS-CoV-2 responses that in part cross-reacted with sHCoV which accounted for higher serum NL63, HKU1 and OC43 antibody levels. This effect was strongest for OC43 S2 and this cross-reactive response contributed to OC43 serum neutralization. We conclude that SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses impacted sHCoVs responses, particularly for OC43. This could have implications for immune protection and offers insights for the development of pan-coronavirus treatments and vaccines.