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<p>Low-carbon power systems with decreasing inertia are challenging traditional operational principles based on a global synchronous frequency, turning rigid synchronism into a growing threat to power system stability. In this Perspective, we discuss a bottom-up vision for compartmentalizing power systems into multiple asynchronous and independent subsystems. These subsystems, operating under different technologies, can form an asynchronous power system architecture that balances energy through a store-and-forward-like approach. Building on advances in smart power electronics, the proposed asynchronous conjecture avoids synchronism by proactively routing dynamic energy streams between those asynchronous subsystems, drawing inspiration from the principles of the Internet and telecommunications. Cyber–physical system theory, low-latency communication systems, novel abstraction and modelling principles, and the growing availability of energy storage emerge as enablers for this shift. The new paradigm can enhance power system resilience, support long-term sustainability goals, maximize energy independence and energy security, and create socio-economic opportunities.</p>

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Resilient low-inertia power systems through asynchronous energy balancing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Sebastian Schwarz,
  • Subham Sahoo,
  • Mirko Stoffers,
  • Patrick Pollok,
  • Leonardo Pompe,
  • Arthur M. Fibich,
  • Amila Kaharević,
  • Klaus Wehrle,
  • Antonello Monti,
  • Frank Piller,
  • Frede Blaabjerg

摘要

Low-carbon power systems with decreasing inertia are challenging traditional operational principles based on a global synchronous frequency, turning rigid synchronism into a growing threat to power system stability. In this Perspective, we discuss a bottom-up vision for compartmentalizing power systems into multiple asynchronous and independent subsystems. These subsystems, operating under different technologies, can form an asynchronous power system architecture that balances energy through a store-and-forward-like approach. Building on advances in smart power electronics, the proposed asynchronous conjecture avoids synchronism by proactively routing dynamic energy streams between those asynchronous subsystems, drawing inspiration from the principles of the Internet and telecommunications. Cyber–physical system theory, low-latency communication systems, novel abstraction and modelling principles, and the growing availability of energy storage emerge as enablers for this shift. The new paradigm can enhance power system resilience, support long-term sustainability goals, maximize energy independence and energy security, and create socio-economic opportunities.