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Background <p>Limited evidence suggests that preeclampsia (PE) is associated with reduced cancer risk later in life. We aimed to investigate this using large registry-based cohorts. We hypothesised that enhanced immune activation in PE women, suggested by autoimmune-type reactivity, lowers their subsequent cancer risk.</p> Methods <p>Utilising Medical Birth Registry data from Sweden and Finland, we identified 123,495 women with PE and 3,223,537 women without. Data were cross-linked to the national Cancer Registries. Incidence rate ratios with 95% CIs were calculated and adjusted for maternal birth year, age at first birth, and parity.</p> Results <p>Overall cancer risk was significantly lower in Swedish PE women (IRR 0.91) but not in Finnish. Lower IRRs in PE women were found in both cohorts for breast (IRR 0.90 and 0.91), cervical (IRR 0.79 and 0.55) and lung cancer (IRR 0.72 and 0.63), while endometrial cancer showed increased incidence (IRR 1.28 and 1.46). Foetal sex had no impact on cancer risk. Among Swedish siblings to PE women, a slight reduction in cancer risk, driven by lower lung cancer incidence (IRR 0.86), was noted.</p> Conclusion <p>Our data show a link between PE and subsequent cancer risk, suggesting that shared mechanisms may predispose to PE and influence cancer development.</p>

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Cancer risk after preeclampsia: a cohort study in two Nordic populations

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月3日

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  • Golbarg Vesterlund,
  • Xinhe Mao,
  • Mika Gissler,
  • Manuchehr Abedi-Valugerdi,
  • Tiina Skoog,
  • Seppo Heinonen,
  • Pär Sparen,
  • Karin Pettersson,
  • Juha Kere,
  • Kamila Czene,
  • Satu Wedenoja

摘要

Background

Limited evidence suggests that preeclampsia (PE) is associated with reduced cancer risk later in life. We aimed to investigate this using large registry-based cohorts. We hypothesised that enhanced immune activation in PE women, suggested by autoimmune-type reactivity, lowers their subsequent cancer risk.

Methods

Utilising Medical Birth Registry data from Sweden and Finland, we identified 123,495 women with PE and 3,223,537 women without. Data were cross-linked to the national Cancer Registries. Incidence rate ratios with 95% CIs were calculated and adjusted for maternal birth year, age at first birth, and parity.

Results

Overall cancer risk was significantly lower in Swedish PE women (IRR 0.91) but not in Finnish. Lower IRRs in PE women were found in both cohorts for breast (IRR 0.90 and 0.91), cervical (IRR 0.79 and 0.55) and lung cancer (IRR 0.72 and 0.63), while endometrial cancer showed increased incidence (IRR 1.28 and 1.46). Foetal sex had no impact on cancer risk. Among Swedish siblings to PE women, a slight reduction in cancer risk, driven by lower lung cancer incidence (IRR 0.86), was noted.

Conclusion

Our data show a link between PE and subsequent cancer risk, suggesting that shared mechanisms may predispose to PE and influence cancer development.