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<p>Air pollution effects on Indian kharif crop yields remain poorly understood. Integrating satellite observations, model assimilations, and agricultural statistics (2001–2017), this study evaluates the direct and interactive impacts of N<sub>dep</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>, and PM<sub>2.5</sub>. N<sub>dep</sub> increased yields (4.77%), while O<sub>3</sub> (5.59%) and PM<sub>2.5</sub> (3.37%) reduced them. Antagonistic interactions weakened combined impacts, but effects varied by crop and region, underscoring the need for tailored air quality policies to safeguard food security.</p>

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The composite effects of air pollution on yield

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Qiang Fang,
  • Yanan Huang,
  • Ashbindu Singh,
  • John. J. Qu,
  • Xianjun Hao,
  • Chenyang Xu

摘要

Air pollution effects on Indian kharif crop yields remain poorly understood. Integrating satellite observations, model assimilations, and agricultural statistics (2001–2017), this study evaluates the direct and interactive impacts of Ndep, O3, and PM2.5. Ndep increased yields (4.77%), while O3 (5.59%) and PM2.5 (3.37%) reduced them. Antagonistic interactions weakened combined impacts, but effects varied by crop and region, underscoring the need for tailored air quality policies to safeguard food security.