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<p>Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a high-priority pathogen that severely limits clinical treatment options. Sewage systems serve as critical interfaces for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, the clonal distribution and evolutionary dynamics of CRKP co-harboring carbapenemases and tigecycline resistance genes in these environments remain insufficiently characterized. This study investigated CRKP resistance mechanisms in sewage using whole-genome sequencing. A total of 143 CRKP strains were isolated from 30 sewage samples (hospital, community, and livestock farm). Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) identified 22 representative strains belonging to 6 sequence types (STs), with ST11 being the predominant clone across all sources. All isolates exhibited carbapenem resistance, and 27.3% carried tigecycline resistance. The carbapenemase genes <i>bla</i><sub>KPC-2</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> exhibited ST-specific genetic environments. Complete genome sequencing of ST34 strain JD_E1, which carried <i>tmexCD-toprJ</i>, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>KPC-2</sub>, revealed that these genes were located on conjugative IncHI5-like/IncU and IncFIB(pQil)/IncFII(Yp) plasmids. These plasmids demonstrated high transferability and stability without antibiotic selection. Plasmid pE1_NDM underwent insertion sequence (IS)-mediated structural streamlining via the deletion of non-essential segments while preserving core resistance modules. These findings suggest that sewage environments are reservoirs for multidrug-resistant CRKP clones, providing molecular epidemiological evidence for integrated infection control strategies.</p>

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Sequence type-associated carbapenemase genes in sewage-derived Klebsiella pneumoniae and characterization of a tigecycline-resistant ST34 strain

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Jundong Zhu,
  • Min Fu,
  • Li Xiang,
  • Huan Li,
  • Caixia Xin,
  • Jianhua Su,
  • Yingshun Zhou

摘要

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a high-priority pathogen that severely limits clinical treatment options. Sewage systems serve as critical interfaces for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, the clonal distribution and evolutionary dynamics of CRKP co-harboring carbapenemases and tigecycline resistance genes in these environments remain insufficiently characterized. This study investigated CRKP resistance mechanisms in sewage using whole-genome sequencing. A total of 143 CRKP strains were isolated from 30 sewage samples (hospital, community, and livestock farm). Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) identified 22 representative strains belonging to 6 sequence types (STs), with ST11 being the predominant clone across all sources. All isolates exhibited carbapenem resistance, and 27.3% carried tigecycline resistance. The carbapenemase genes blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 exhibited ST-specific genetic environments. Complete genome sequencing of ST34 strain JD_E1, which carried tmexCD-toprJ, blaNDM-1, and blaKPC-2, revealed that these genes were located on conjugative IncHI5-like/IncU and IncFIB(pQil)/IncFII(Yp) plasmids. These plasmids demonstrated high transferability and stability without antibiotic selection. Plasmid pE1_NDM underwent insertion sequence (IS)-mediated structural streamlining via the deletion of non-essential segments while preserving core resistance modules. These findings suggest that sewage environments are reservoirs for multidrug-resistant CRKP clones, providing molecular epidemiological evidence for integrated infection control strategies.