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<p>Decreased bacterial susceptibility to biocides raises concerns due to their influences on antibiotic resistance. The lack of standardized breakpoints, established methods, and consistent terminology complicates this research. This review summarizes techniques for studying biocide resistance mechanisms, susceptibility testing, and in-vitro adaptation methods, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Here, the challenges in studying biocide susceptibility and the need for standardized approaches in biocide research are emphasized for commonly studied biocide classes.</p>

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Reviewing the complexities of bacterial biocide susceptibility and in vitro biocide adaptation methodologies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月13日

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  • Peter O’Reilly,
  • Genevieve Loiselle,
  • Ryan Darragh,
  • Carmine Slipski,
  • Denice C. Bay

摘要

Decreased bacterial susceptibility to biocides raises concerns due to their influences on antibiotic resistance. The lack of standardized breakpoints, established methods, and consistent terminology complicates this research. This review summarizes techniques for studying biocide resistance mechanisms, susceptibility testing, and in-vitro adaptation methods, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Here, the challenges in studying biocide susceptibility and the need for standardized approaches in biocide research are emphasized for commonly studied biocide classes.