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<p>In recent decades the rise of ultrahigh- and high-resolution mass spectrometry ((U)HRMS) has enhanced our ability to resolve the molecular complexity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and open the black box linking DOM to the rapidly changing world, including impacts on aquatic systems. In this Review we highlight how direct anthropogenic signatures, and indirect anthropogenic-driven or -impacted processes, shape DOM at the molecular level. For example, changes in heteroatom (N,S) abundance and compound classes, as well as indicator molecular formulae, are linked to land-cover impacts related to agriculture, urbanization, fire and climate change. We also offer insights into areas to further open the analytical window for (U)HRMS, bridging the gap between molecular-level composition and structural analysis of unambiguous molecular tracers for anthropogenic impacts. Finally, we address practical recommendations and areas of need, including standardization and data availability, to further develop (U)HRMS utility for examining anthropogenic impacts on aquatic systems.</p>

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The use of ultrahigh- and high-resolution mass spectrometry to examine the anthropogenic signature of dissolved organic matter in aquatic systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Robert G. M. Spencer,
  • Christina K. Remucal,
  • Thomas Borch,
  • Martin R. Kurek

摘要

In recent decades the rise of ultrahigh- and high-resolution mass spectrometry ((U)HRMS) has enhanced our ability to resolve the molecular complexity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and open the black box linking DOM to the rapidly changing world, including impacts on aquatic systems. In this Review we highlight how direct anthropogenic signatures, and indirect anthropogenic-driven or -impacted processes, shape DOM at the molecular level. For example, changes in heteroatom (N,S) abundance and compound classes, as well as indicator molecular formulae, are linked to land-cover impacts related to agriculture, urbanization, fire and climate change. We also offer insights into areas to further open the analytical window for (U)HRMS, bridging the gap between molecular-level composition and structural analysis of unambiguous molecular tracers for anthropogenic impacts. Finally, we address practical recommendations and areas of need, including standardization and data availability, to further develop (U)HRMS utility for examining anthropogenic impacts on aquatic systems.