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<p>Microorganisms secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transport bioactive molecules, including proteins and metabolites. While their functions are well studied in model microbes, their ecological contributions to natural ecosystems remain largely unexplored. Here we performed an integrative study investigating the role of environmental EVs in shaping microbial community assembly in the Xinglinwan Reservoir. By combining genome-scale metabolic models and multi-omics of field EVs, we found that EVs mediated metabolite exchanges mainly through carrying amino acids, disaccharides, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and signals. EVs can facilitate the growth of amino acid auxotrophic strains. Moreover, EVs act as an external reservoir of functional traits, potentially reinforcing stochastic assembly processes and conferring functional redundancy to the ecosystem. Collectively, our integrative data demonstrate that EV-mediated metabolic exchange is an auxiliary mechanism supplementing classical nutrient transport in aquatic environments. EVs emerge here as a significant, distinct vector in biogeochemical cycling, offering a critical layer for resolving complex natural microbial interactions.</p>

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Extracellular vesicle-mediated metabolic exchange shapes the seasonal assembly of aquatic bacterial communities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Xueli Xu,
  • Alex Ujong Obeten,
  • Li-Ting Zhu,
  • Fangyu Liu,
  • Yi Gao,
  • Xuyi Liu,
  • Zhenzhen Su,
  • Min Zhang,
  • Miaoxiao Wang,
  • Qiansheng Huang

摘要

Microorganisms secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transport bioactive molecules, including proteins and metabolites. While their functions are well studied in model microbes, their ecological contributions to natural ecosystems remain largely unexplored. Here we performed an integrative study investigating the role of environmental EVs in shaping microbial community assembly in the Xinglinwan Reservoir. By combining genome-scale metabolic models and multi-omics of field EVs, we found that EVs mediated metabolite exchanges mainly through carrying amino acids, disaccharides, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and signals. EVs can facilitate the growth of amino acid auxotrophic strains. Moreover, EVs act as an external reservoir of functional traits, potentially reinforcing stochastic assembly processes and conferring functional redundancy to the ecosystem. Collectively, our integrative data demonstrate that EV-mediated metabolic exchange is an auxiliary mechanism supplementing classical nutrient transport in aquatic environments. EVs emerge here as a significant, distinct vector in biogeochemical cycling, offering a critical layer for resolving complex natural microbial interactions.