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<p>Wastewater treatment plants represent an invaluable reservoir of microbial resources yet remain largely unexplored. By selective sampling and integrative analysis of 828 metagenomic data from wastewater treatment plants spanning six continents, we established a global-scale metagenomic catalogue for activated sludge, including 24,536 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and over 24 million non-redundant genes, uncovering 12,563 MAGs without species-level definition and generating a high‑resolution, MAG‑level relative abundance and distribution map capturing their global distribution. This global-scale collection of MAGs enhances existing knowledge about functional microorganisms, including polyphosphate-accumulating organisms, nitrifiers, denitrifiers, refining the understanding of nutrient removal in wastewater treatment. By systematically annotating genes involved in nutrient removal, virulence factors, plastic degradation and biosynthesis, we integrated phylogenetics with metabolic potential, revealing previously under-characterized microbes and their diversity. Tthis study provides a comprehensive, genome-resolved framework and essential resources for targeted genome-centric research, guiding directed wastewater treatment engineering and the development of innovative treatment processes.</p>

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Metagenome-resolved global microbial diversity and function in activated-sludge wastewater treatment systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Xiaojing Xie,
  • Jing Yuan,
  • Yuheng Huang,
  • Haixin Zheng,
  • Lanying Zhang,
  • Chaohai Wei,
  • Stefan Wuertz,
  • Nan-Qi Ren,
  • Yonghui Song,
  • Shih-Hsin Ho,
  • Guanglei Qiu

摘要

Wastewater treatment plants represent an invaluable reservoir of microbial resources yet remain largely unexplored. By selective sampling and integrative analysis of 828 metagenomic data from wastewater treatment plants spanning six continents, we established a global-scale metagenomic catalogue for activated sludge, including 24,536 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and over 24 million non-redundant genes, uncovering 12,563 MAGs without species-level definition and generating a high‑resolution, MAG‑level relative abundance and distribution map capturing their global distribution. This global-scale collection of MAGs enhances existing knowledge about functional microorganisms, including polyphosphate-accumulating organisms, nitrifiers, denitrifiers, refining the understanding of nutrient removal in wastewater treatment. By systematically annotating genes involved in nutrient removal, virulence factors, plastic degradation and biosynthesis, we integrated phylogenetics with metabolic potential, revealing previously under-characterized microbes and their diversity. Tthis study provides a comprehensive, genome-resolved framework and essential resources for targeted genome-centric research, guiding directed wastewater treatment engineering and the development of innovative treatment processes.