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<p>Autism has been associated with cardiometabolic conditions mainly in cross-sectional studies of children, but evidence in adults remains limited. Here we conducted the largest cohort study, using Dutch register data of 8,690,286 individuals aged 12–65 years. These individuals were followed up from 1 January 2014 to their first incidence of cardiometabolic conditions, emigration, death or 31 December 2020. Cox proportional hazards models indicated that autism was associated with higher risks of cardiometabolic conditions (hazard ratio (HR) 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18–1.23), specifically hypertension (HR 1.16, CI 1.14–1.19), dyslipidemia (HR 1.17, CI 1.12–1.23), diabetes (HR 1.22, CI 1.14–1.30), stroke (HR 1.23, CI 1.14–1.34) and heart failure (HR 1.28, CI 1.07–1.53). Sex-stratified findings were similar. Associations were observed in adolescent, young and middle-aged but not older individuals (41–65 years), indicating earlier onset in individuals with autism compared with those without. Our results underscore the need for monitoring and treatment of cardiometabolic conditions among individuals with autism.</p>

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Cardiometabolic conditions in people with autism: a nationwide prospective cohort study from the Netherlands

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Yiran Li,
  • Tian Xie,
  • Lin Li,
  • Jing Lin,
  • Melissa Vos,
  • Zheng Chang,
  • Harold Snieder,
  • Catharina A. Hartman

摘要

Autism has been associated with cardiometabolic conditions mainly in cross-sectional studies of children, but evidence in adults remains limited. Here we conducted the largest cohort study, using Dutch register data of 8,690,286 individuals aged 12–65 years. These individuals were followed up from 1 January 2014 to their first incidence of cardiometabolic conditions, emigration, death or 31 December 2020. Cox proportional hazards models indicated that autism was associated with higher risks of cardiometabolic conditions (hazard ratio (HR) 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18–1.23), specifically hypertension (HR 1.16, CI 1.14–1.19), dyslipidemia (HR 1.17, CI 1.12–1.23), diabetes (HR 1.22, CI 1.14–1.30), stroke (HR 1.23, CI 1.14–1.34) and heart failure (HR 1.28, CI 1.07–1.53). Sex-stratified findings were similar. Associations were observed in adolescent, young and middle-aged but not older individuals (41–65 years), indicating earlier onset in individuals with autism compared with those without. Our results underscore the need for monitoring and treatment of cardiometabolic conditions among individuals with autism.