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<p>Radiation workers need accurate monitoring of X-ray exposure, but existing solutions are either inaccessible, expensive, or provide delayed feedback. We present OpenDosimeter (<a href="http://www.opendosimeter.org">www.opendosimeter.org</a>), an open hardware solution for real-time personal X-ray dose monitoring. Using a scintillator-based X-ray sensor on a custom board powered by a Raspberry Pi Pico, OpenDosimeter provides real-time feedback (1 Hz), data logging (10 hours), and battery-powered operation. A core innovation is that we calibrate the device using <sup>241</sup>Am found in ionization smoke detectors. Specifically, we use the <i>γ</i>-emissions to spectrally calibrate the dosimeter, then calculate the effective dose from X-ray exposure using the scintillator absorption efficiency and energy-to-dose coefficients derived from public tabulated data. We demonstrate that this transparent approach enables dose rate readings with linear response between 0.1–1000 <i>μ</i>Sv/h at &#xa0;±&#xa0;25% accuracy, tested for energies up to 120 keV. The maximum dose rate readings are limited by pile-up effects when approaching count rate saturation (~77,000 counts per second at &#xa0;~13 <i>μ</i>s average pulse-processing time). The total cost for making an OpenDosimeter is &lt;$100, which, combined with its open design, enables cost-effective local reproducibility on a global scale. This paper complements the open-source documentation by explaining the underlying technology, algorithms, and areas for future improvement.</p>

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OpenDosimeter: Open hardware personal X-ray dosimeter

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Norah Ger,
  • Alice Ku,
  • Jasmyn Lopez,
  • N. Robert Bennett,
  • Jia Wang,
  • Grace Ateka,
  • Enoch Anyenda,
  • Matthias Rosezky,
  • Pamela Kilavi,
  • Adam S. Wang,
  • Kian Shaker

摘要

Radiation workers need accurate monitoring of X-ray exposure, but existing solutions are either inaccessible, expensive, or provide delayed feedback. We present OpenDosimeter (www.opendosimeter.org), an open hardware solution for real-time personal X-ray dose monitoring. Using a scintillator-based X-ray sensor on a custom board powered by a Raspberry Pi Pico, OpenDosimeter provides real-time feedback (1 Hz), data logging (10 hours), and battery-powered operation. A core innovation is that we calibrate the device using 241Am found in ionization smoke detectors. Specifically, we use the γ-emissions to spectrally calibrate the dosimeter, then calculate the effective dose from X-ray exposure using the scintillator absorption efficiency and energy-to-dose coefficients derived from public tabulated data. We demonstrate that this transparent approach enables dose rate readings with linear response between 0.1–1000 μSv/h at  ± 25% accuracy, tested for energies up to 120 keV. The maximum dose rate readings are limited by pile-up effects when approaching count rate saturation (~77,000 counts per second at  ~13 μs average pulse-processing time). The total cost for making an OpenDosimeter is <$100, which, combined with its open design, enables cost-effective local reproducibility on a global scale. This paper complements the open-source documentation by explaining the underlying technology, algorithms, and areas for future improvement.