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<p>Reductive amination of renewable biomass is a key pathway for producing high-value N-containing chemicals. The reductive amination of biomass-derived furfural to synthesize ethyl-2-furylmethylamine (EFYA) using waste acetonitrile (MeCN) as the N source is a promising valorization approach. Compared with thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis offers a greener method for EFYA synthesis. However, efficient electrochemical C–N coupling is challenging due to furfural’s higher reactivity than MeCN. Here we report an electrocatalytic EFYA synthesis with a 98% yield on Fe–CuO<sub><i>x</i></sub> by stabilizing Cu<sup>2+</sup> to reverse the reduction sequence of furfural and MeCN. Cu<sup>2+</sup> enhances MeCN adsorption and promotes its reduction while inhibiting furfural’s electrochemical reduction side reaction. Stable EFYA production is achieved by doping Fe<sup>3+</sup> through cycling of the Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> redox pair to maintain the continuous activity of the reactive Cu<sup>2+</sup> species. This strategy is extended to synthesize secondary amines from other aldehydes and nitriles. This work presents a general strategy for efficient electrochemical C–N coupling to synthesize secondary amines, inspiring further applications of biomass-derived molecules.</p><p></p>

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Reversing the reduction sequence of aldehydes and nitriles for electrochemical C–N coupling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Yuping Pan,
  • Yu Jing,
  • Tianze Xu,
  • Tianyang Liu,
  • Rong Miao,
  • Chongyang Ma,
  • Qizheng An,
  • Ta Thi Thuy Nga,
  • Yunhui Yan,
  • Zhenyi Xiao,
  • Yun Fan,
  • Zhongcheng Xia,
  • Yutong Huang,
  • Dianke Xie,
  • Chung-Li Dong,
  • Qinghua Liu,
  • Yuqin Zou,
  • Shuangyin Wang

摘要

Reductive amination of renewable biomass is a key pathway for producing high-value N-containing chemicals. The reductive amination of biomass-derived furfural to synthesize ethyl-2-furylmethylamine (EFYA) using waste acetonitrile (MeCN) as the N source is a promising valorization approach. Compared with thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis offers a greener method for EFYA synthesis. However, efficient electrochemical C–N coupling is challenging due to furfural’s higher reactivity than MeCN. Here we report an electrocatalytic EFYA synthesis with a 98% yield on Fe–CuOx by stabilizing Cu2+ to reverse the reduction sequence of furfural and MeCN. Cu2+ enhances MeCN adsorption and promotes its reduction while inhibiting furfural’s electrochemical reduction side reaction. Stable EFYA production is achieved by doping Fe3+ through cycling of the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox pair to maintain the continuous activity of the reactive Cu2+ species. This strategy is extended to synthesize secondary amines from other aldehydes and nitriles. This work presents a general strategy for efficient electrochemical C–N coupling to synthesize secondary amines, inspiring further applications of biomass-derived molecules.