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<p>Since the first demonstration in the early 2010s, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology. With power conversion efficiencies improving at a rate of approximately 1% per year, PSCs are approaching energy-efficiency parity with silicon-based photovoltaics. As single-junction efficiency gains begin to plateau, research efforts are increasingly directed towards addressing operating stability while maintaining device performance. Defects and impurities at the interface compromise long-term stability and limit device efficiency. Consequently, interface passivation has emerged as a central focus of the field. We emphasize three emerging strategies to improve how interfaces are constructed and engineered in PSCs: multifunctional passivation molecules suppress non-radiative losses and ion migration through cooperative interactions; heterostructure interfaces modulate band alignment and defect landscapes; and self-assembled monolayers offer molecular control over surface energetics and thin-film growth. These approaches target the root causes of performance loss and together tackle pressing topics in PSCs.</p><p></p>

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Synthetic routes to advancing perovskite solar cells through interface design

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月16日

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  • Jin Hou,
  • Isaiah W. Gilley,
  • Taylor E. Wiggins,
  • Cheng Liu,
  • Yi Yang,
  • Bin Chen,
  • Mercouri G. Kanatzidis,
  • Edward H. Sargent

摘要

Since the first demonstration in the early 2010s, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology. With power conversion efficiencies improving at a rate of approximately 1% per year, PSCs are approaching energy-efficiency parity with silicon-based photovoltaics. As single-junction efficiency gains begin to plateau, research efforts are increasingly directed towards addressing operating stability while maintaining device performance. Defects and impurities at the interface compromise long-term stability and limit device efficiency. Consequently, interface passivation has emerged as a central focus of the field. We emphasize three emerging strategies to improve how interfaces are constructed and engineered in PSCs: multifunctional passivation molecules suppress non-radiative losses and ion migration through cooperative interactions; heterostructure interfaces modulate band alignment and defect landscapes; and self-assembled monolayers offer molecular control over surface energetics and thin-film growth. These approaches target the root causes of performance loss and together tackle pressing topics in PSCs.