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<p>Spatial perception is essential for sensing and interacting with the environment. During development, coherent multisensory representations of space are created by aligning and&#xa0;integrating information across sensory modalities. In sighted adults, vision is typically the most reliable spatial sense and has a key role in multisensory spatial development by offering an immediate and comprehensive representation of the surrounding layout in a single glance. In this Review, we explore how sensory and motor systems develop in early life to form spatial representations of the external environment, and the role of visual experience in this process. We examine differences in spatial perceptual development between visually impaired individuals and sighted individuals, focusing on visual, auditory and tactile modalities and their interactions in the context of sensorimotor and bodily changes. Differences between visually impaired individuals and sighted individuals illustrate critical developmental periods during which sensory and motor experiences influence the construction of spatial representations.</p>

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The development of spatial perception with and without visual experience

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Monica Gori,
  • Maria Bianca Amadeo,
  • Andrew J. Bremner

摘要

Spatial perception is essential for sensing and interacting with the environment. During development, coherent multisensory representations of space are created by aligning and integrating information across sensory modalities. In sighted adults, vision is typically the most reliable spatial sense and has a key role in multisensory spatial development by offering an immediate and comprehensive representation of the surrounding layout in a single glance. In this Review, we explore how sensory and motor systems develop in early life to form spatial representations of the external environment, and the role of visual experience in this process. We examine differences in spatial perceptual development between visually impaired individuals and sighted individuals, focusing on visual, auditory and tactile modalities and their interactions in the context of sensorimotor and bodily changes. Differences between visually impaired individuals and sighted individuals illustrate critical developmental periods during which sensory and motor experiences influence the construction of spatial representations.