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Background <p>The independent and interactive associations of abdominal obesity and fatty acids with the risk of microvascular diseases (MVDs) are still unclear.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a prospective cohort study of 88,571 participants aged 40-69 years from the UK Biobank. Plasma fatty acids were quantified at baseline using high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and were analyzed in quartiles, with the lowest quartile of each fatty acid subtype as the reference. Cox regression models were employed to assess the associations between fatty acid levels and incident MVDs, with adjustment for relevant covariates.</p> Results <p>Over a median follow-up of 13.7 years, higher levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-3 PUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs are associated with a significantly lower risk of MVDs. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest versus lowest quartile (Q4 <i>vs</i>. Q1) are 0.81 (95% CI: 0.75-0.87), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.96), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.91), respectively. Conversely, higher levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are associated with a higher risk of MVDs. Furthermore, an antagonistic additive interaction is observed between n-3 PUFAs and abdominal obesity (RERI: <b>−</b>0.14, 95% CI: <b>−</b>0.25- <b>−</b>0.03).</p> Conclusion <p>Higher plasma PUFAs are associated with a lower risk of MVDs. Furthermore, the association between n-3 PUFAs and a lower risk of MVDs is more pronounced among individuals with abdominal obesity. These findings contribute to the limited prospective evidence on the associations between plasma-specific fatty acids and MVDs.</p>

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Associations of abdominal obesity and plasma fatty acids with microvascular diseases

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Ruidie Shi,
  • Lan Yu,
  • Shengnan Liu,
  • Guangbin Sun,
  • Dongfang Zhang,
  • Xinyue Li,
  • Qiang Zhang,
  • Xiaolong Xing,
  • Xumei Zhang,
  • Xueli Yang

摘要

Background

The independent and interactive associations of abdominal obesity and fatty acids with the risk of microvascular diseases (MVDs) are still unclear.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study of 88,571 participants aged 40-69 years from the UK Biobank. Plasma fatty acids were quantified at baseline using high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and were analyzed in quartiles, with the lowest quartile of each fatty acid subtype as the reference. Cox regression models were employed to assess the associations between fatty acid levels and incident MVDs, with adjustment for relevant covariates.

Results

Over a median follow-up of 13.7 years, higher levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-3 PUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs are associated with a significantly lower risk of MVDs. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest versus lowest quartile (Q4 vs. Q1) are 0.81 (95% CI: 0.75-0.87), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.96), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.91), respectively. Conversely, higher levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are associated with a higher risk of MVDs. Furthermore, an antagonistic additive interaction is observed between n-3 PUFAs and abdominal obesity (RERI: −0.14, 95% CI: −0.25- −0.03).

Conclusion

Higher plasma PUFAs are associated with a lower risk of MVDs. Furthermore, the association between n-3 PUFAs and a lower risk of MVDs is more pronounced among individuals with abdominal obesity. These findings contribute to the limited prospective evidence on the associations between plasma-specific fatty acids and MVDs.