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Background <p>The extent and burden of post-acute cognitive dysfunctions following SARS-CoV-2 infection is uncertain.</p> Methods <p>25,485 SARS-CoV-2 test-positive and 25,032 test-negative individuals were repeatedly asked to score symptoms of subjective cognitive deficits 2 to 18 months after test using the “Cognitive complaints in bipolar disorder rating assessment” (COBRA) tool. Poisson mixed-effects models were used to estimate Score Ratios (SRs) by comparing scores between test-positive and test-negative individuals.</p> Results <p>At each follow-up point, test-positive individuals have low but slightly higher mean COBRA scores compared with test-negatives. For the combined 2–18 months period, COBRA scores among test-positive individuals are 11% higher than corresponding scores among test-negatives (SR<sub>2-18mth</sub> = 1.11 (95% CI; 1.09–1.13)). Of effect modifiers explored, being hospitalized with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test particularly elevates COBRA scores (SR<sub>2-18mth</sub> = 1.38 (95% CI; 1.24–1.54)).</p> Conclusion <p>In the general population of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, self-reported post-acute scores of cognitive dysfunctions are low and only slightly higher than corresponding scores among test-negatives. Higher COBRA scores among hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 test positives corroborate with long-term cognitive impairment being most pronounced among those with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>

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Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and self-reported post-acute cognitive dysfunctions from the Danish EFTER-COVID survey

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月3日

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  • Nete Munk Nielsen,
  • Lampros Spiliopoulos,
  • Anna Irene Vedel Sørensen,
  • Elisabeth O’Regan,
  • Peter Bager,
  • Steen Ethelberg,
  • Anders Koch,
  • Poul Videbech,
  • Anders Hviid

摘要

Background

The extent and burden of post-acute cognitive dysfunctions following SARS-CoV-2 infection is uncertain.

Methods

25,485 SARS-CoV-2 test-positive and 25,032 test-negative individuals were repeatedly asked to score symptoms of subjective cognitive deficits 2 to 18 months after test using the “Cognitive complaints in bipolar disorder rating assessment” (COBRA) tool. Poisson mixed-effects models were used to estimate Score Ratios (SRs) by comparing scores between test-positive and test-negative individuals.

Results

At each follow-up point, test-positive individuals have low but slightly higher mean COBRA scores compared with test-negatives. For the combined 2–18 months period, COBRA scores among test-positive individuals are 11% higher than corresponding scores among test-negatives (SR2-18mth = 1.11 (95% CI; 1.09–1.13)). Of effect modifiers explored, being hospitalized with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test particularly elevates COBRA scores (SR2-18mth = 1.38 (95% CI; 1.24–1.54)).

Conclusion

In the general population of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, self-reported post-acute scores of cognitive dysfunctions are low and only slightly higher than corresponding scores among test-negatives. Higher COBRA scores among hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 test positives corroborate with long-term cognitive impairment being most pronounced among those with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.