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Background <p>Brain activity in focal epilepsy is marked by a pronounced excitation-inhibition (E:I) imbalance and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) observed in periods between recurrent seizures. As a marker of E:I balance, aperiodic neural activity and its underlying 1/f characteristic reflect the dynamic interplay of excitatory and inhibitory currents. Recent studies have independently assessed 1/f changes both in epilepsy and in the context of body-brain interactions in neurotypical individuals where the respiratory rhythm has emerged as a potential modulator of excitability states in the brain.</p> Methods <p>Here, we investigate respiration phase-locked modulations of E:I balance and their involvement in the timing of spike discharges in a case report of a 25 year-old focal epilepsy patient using magnetoencephalography (MEG).</p> Results <p>We show that i) respiration differentially modulates E:I balance in focal epilepsy compared to <i>N</i> = 40 neurotypical controls and ii) IED timing depends on both excitability and respiratory states.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings overall suggest an intricate interplay of respiration phase-locked changes in excitation and the consequential susceptibility for IED generation and we hope they will spark interest in subsequent work on body-brain coupling and E:I balance in epilepsy.</p>

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Respiratory modulations of cortical excitability and interictal spike timing in focal epilepsy: a case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月10日

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  • Daniel S. Kluger,
  • Tim Erdbrügger,
  • Christina Stier,
  • Malte B. Höltershinken,
  • Omid Abbasi,
  • Martina Saltafossi,
  • Kanjana Unnwongse,
  • Tim Wehner,
  • Jörg Wellmer,
  • Joachim Gross,
  • Carsten H. Wolters

摘要

Background

Brain activity in focal epilepsy is marked by a pronounced excitation-inhibition (E:I) imbalance and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) observed in periods between recurrent seizures. As a marker of E:I balance, aperiodic neural activity and its underlying 1/f characteristic reflect the dynamic interplay of excitatory and inhibitory currents. Recent studies have independently assessed 1/f changes both in epilepsy and in the context of body-brain interactions in neurotypical individuals where the respiratory rhythm has emerged as a potential modulator of excitability states in the brain.

Methods

Here, we investigate respiration phase-locked modulations of E:I balance and their involvement in the timing of spike discharges in a case report of a 25 year-old focal epilepsy patient using magnetoencephalography (MEG).

Results

We show that i) respiration differentially modulates E:I balance in focal epilepsy compared to N = 40 neurotypical controls and ii) IED timing depends on both excitability and respiratory states.

Conclusions

These findings overall suggest an intricate interplay of respiration phase-locked changes in excitation and the consequential susceptibility for IED generation and we hope they will spark interest in subsequent work on body-brain coupling and E:I balance in epilepsy.