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<p>Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is continuously evolving, transitioning from a method for applying macroscale coatings to a versatile platform for micropatterning and even single-particle manipulation. This evolution is driven by convergence with nanotechnology and precision manufacturing, enabling unprecedented control over the assembly of micromaterials and nanomaterials. This Primer elucidates the fundamental principles underpinning both macro-EPD and micro-EPD and discusses the interplay among suspension properties, kinetic parameters and deposition mechanisms that govern film composition, architecture and functionality. Innovative methodologies in electrode design and field modulation are highlighted, which achieve high-resolution patterning and multimaterial integration for emerging applications. The versatility of EPD renders it suitable for diverse applications, spanning protective coatings, energy, optoelectronics and biomedical areas. Finally, by analysing current limitations and optimization strategies, we offer insights into potential future directions for EPD development.</p>

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Electrophoretic deposition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Jinyang Zhao,
  • Wenbo Liu,
  • Rezvan Azari,
  • Lixuan Chen,
  • Kai Wang,
  • Aldo R. Boccaccini,
  • Xiao Wei Sun

摘要

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is continuously evolving, transitioning from a method for applying macroscale coatings to a versatile platform for micropatterning and even single-particle manipulation. This evolution is driven by convergence with nanotechnology and precision manufacturing, enabling unprecedented control over the assembly of micromaterials and nanomaterials. This Primer elucidates the fundamental principles underpinning both macro-EPD and micro-EPD and discusses the interplay among suspension properties, kinetic parameters and deposition mechanisms that govern film composition, architecture and functionality. Innovative methodologies in electrode design and field modulation are highlighted, which achieve high-resolution patterning and multimaterial integration for emerging applications. The versatility of EPD renders it suitable for diverse applications, spanning protective coatings, energy, optoelectronics and biomedical areas. Finally, by analysing current limitations and optimization strategies, we offer insights into potential future directions for EPD development.